GAPES. 75 



with a small quantity of black pepper, and after- 

 wards nitre, given in the water. The sun, or warmth 

 in the house, by the fire-side, are the best remedies. 

 The fire is a great restorative of all young, indeed 

 of all animals. 



For grown fowls affected by the roup, warm lodg- 

 ing is necessary, and even the indulgence of the 

 fire, or the warmth of the bakehouse. Wash the 

 nostrils with warm soap and water, as often as ne- 

 cessary, and the swollen eyes with warm milk and 

 water. A pepper-corn in a pill of dough, three 

 following days, is an old and favourite remedy, the 

 patient being much chilled. Afterwards bathe the 

 swollen parts with camphorated spirit, or brandy 

 and warm water. As a finish to the cure, give sul- 

 phur in the drink, or a small pinch of calomel in 

 dough, three times in a week. The fowls being 

 weak and not feeding well, the old remedy of rue 

 chopped and made into pills with fresh butter, may 

 be substituted for calomel ; though I must acknow- 

 ledge I could never find any perceptible effects from 

 the rue pill. 



The common symptom of GAPING, during this in- 

 fluenzal disease, induced the learned, a few years 

 past, to coin a new disease under the name of the 

 GAPES, which they conveniently attributed to a spe- 

 cies offasciola, infecting the trachea, or wind-pipe, 

 of poultry. For the roup and other diseases, and 

 the exposition of customary cruelty, see an article 

 in the Monthly Magazine of December, 1810. 

 Pheasants and partridges, in their wild state, are 

 also liable to the gapes, and from the same atmo- 



