UTENSILS ECONOMY. 317 



sure, a HAIR SIEVE of proper size, HAND BOWLS, a 

 PIGGIN, or bowl with an upright handle, PAILS, a 

 FUNNEL, MASHING-STICK, CASKS; and, to complete 

 the list, a THERMOMETER, for those who desire to 

 be scientifically accurate, in taking the heat of their 

 liquor. 



With respect to a MEASURE, the piggin may be 

 made to contain exactly a gallon, or any desired 

 quantity. The present prices of these will be here- 

 after given, but from the reduced price of timber, 

 brewing utensils, perhaps, do not cost so much as 

 in former days. It is the interest of those house- 

 keepers, who brew constantly, to purchase utensils 

 of the best and most solid materials, not only on the 

 consideration that they are bargaining for that 

 which will serve them through life, but because the 

 smoothness and hardness of the wood contributes 

 to the purity of their beer ; as soft and porous wood 

 imbibes all kinds of impurities, and after much use 

 can scarcely be made clean. As to those to whom 

 it is an object to lay out as little money as possible, 

 in the purchase of these articles, and those who 

 brew very small quantities, they may suit themselves 

 at a very small expense, more especially, in the Me- 

 tropolis. Used wine casks are extremely proper, 

 and may be cut down and adapted to every purpose 

 of brewing. The OAR, or stick to stir up the 

 mash, may be either purchased at the cooper's, or 

 made at home, being merely a long flat staff, having 

 three cross sticks, one above the other, at the lower 

 ends. 



Beer, or the WINE OF MALTED GRAIN, is made by 



