278 BULLID^E. 



the point where the oesophagus commences at the posterior part 

 of the buccal mass, it has on each side of it two distinct orange 

 or lemon-colour large oval ganglions,, each pair being connected 

 by very strong threads, and the under part of the cordon 

 is formed by two minute round orange-coloured ganglions 

 strange to say, fixed on the posterior part of the buccal mass, 

 and connected by threads with the upper ganglions ; these, 

 when in situ, form a complete cordon of six medullary masses ; 

 from this circle exceedingly strong nervous filaments radiate 

 to the head, the verge, and all the anterior parts of the body. 

 The ganglionic cordon is connected with two large stomachal 

 lemon-coloured ganglions, which are apparent when the gizzard 

 is removed ; they are not quite of the same size, the one being 

 bilobed; the other is on the left side; these are removed 

 from the cesophageal collar the length of the oesophagus 

 and gizzard, which is very considerable, but all the masses are 

 connected by nervous threads, which bear being moved and 

 examined by a stylet. The larger ganglion on the right sup- 

 plies the gizzard, testicle, anus, branchiae, the common cavity 

 of generation, and also sends a thread to the liver ; the smaller 

 one on the left side throws off a filament to the gizzard, and 

 furnishes the heart, liver, bladder, the ovarium and oviduct, 

 with the necessary threads. The gizzard is a strong, tubular, 

 fleshy, cylindrical mass, inclosing three triangular ridged black 

 plates, which grind the aliment down to a pulp ; I could de- 

 tect none in it nor in the intestine in a solid state. I should 

 not omit to say that the gizzard is the stomach, and com- 

 pletely fills the cavity in which it is lodged ; the intestine is 

 of very large diameter, arising immediately from the posterior 

 end of the gizzard ; it does not form a duodenum of any par- 

 ticularity of shape, but by a crossing or two completes the 

 circumvolution of the liver, being visible everywhere, of nearly 

 the same size, and terminating posteriorly by a short rectum 

 on the right side. 



The liver occupies nearly the posterior half of the spire ; it 

 is of an intensely dark brown colour^ minutely granular, 

 pulpy, without much coherence : at its posterior end is the 

 rather scanty white ramose ovarium, which, when the liver is 



