1904 



GLEANINGS IN BEE CULTURE. 



131 



experience than any other man ; and it was 

 the tjuinby system of hives and brood- 

 frames which he adopted and subsecjuently 

 I3' improved. At one lime the captain had 

 nearly all his bees on the Hetheriugton- 

 Ouinb}' frame — a frame having closed ends 

 or closed uprights; but, if I am correct, his 

 colonies, at the time of his death, were di- 

 vided on Ouinby and what is known as the 

 Van Deu^en metal-corner open end frame. 

 For colder clim.ites, I believe the captain 

 preferred the closed ends; but in the apia- 

 ries of Virginia he used, as a matter of pref- 

 erence, the open end Van Deusen. 



I need not dwell here particularly upon 

 his record as a soldier any more than to 

 state that he was captain of a company of 

 sharpshooters in the Civil War — a position 

 that means a great deal more than to be 

 captain of an ordinary company of infantry. 

 Three times he was wounded, and was 

 finally discharged on account of disability 

 from his wounds. At the close of the Get- 

 tysburg campaign his name was sent up to 

 the War Department as one who had ren- 

 dered gallant service for his country. 



But it is cf his record as a bee- keeper 

 that I wish to speak more particularly. It 

 may not be generally known, but he was 

 the originator of the no-drip shipping-case 

 that is now used almost universnlly through- 

 out all civilized beedom. When we first 

 introduced this case some 3'ears ago, it was 

 brought to the attention of manufacturers 

 by the commission houses, who urged upon 

 them the importance of making their cases 

 on the no drip plan. 



Almost in the same way the tall section 

 came into prominence. Where it came from 

 no one seemed to know ; but Mr. Dai.zenba- 

 ker, when he called at Medina, said he 

 first saw them at the Centennial at Phila- 

 delphia in '76, filled with beautiful combs. 

 He subsequently learned that it was the 

 honey of Capt. Hetherington. That the 

 captain was the first to introduce it, there 

 can be no question, for all the evidence 

 points that way. 



Mr. Hetherington was the first to make a 

 really priiCtical thing of closed-end frames. 

 True it is that Mr. Quinby invented them, 

 and came very near adding to them their 

 finishing touches. But as Mr. Quinby 

 originally used them in his particular form 

 of hive, the frames were by no means as 

 easily handled as in the particular form 

 used b}' Capt. Hetherington ; and from this 

 originated the Hetheriugton-Quinby frame 

 and hive that are used so much in certain 

 sections of New York. 



In these latter days, when the matter of 

 transparency in foundation is so highly 

 prized, it maj- be well to remember that 

 Mr. Hetherington was probably the first to 

 get out what was really the first transpar- 

 ent foundation. Those of us who bought 

 the Van Deusen flat-bottom article years ago 

 will remember how beautiful and transpar- 

 ent it was, and that nothing has been made 

 of late A ears that was any clearer o^ more 

 beautiful. Whether it had the same pliable 



qualities that are found in the Weed trans- 

 parent foundati(jn 1 can not say. 



It was Capt. Hetherington also, I believe, 

 who first couceived the idea of incorporat- 

 ing fine wire into the foundation itself. A 

 patent was granted, and for years the Van 

 Dcusens made what was called their wired 

 flat- bottom foundation under royalty from 

 Mr. Hetherington 



In the matter of fish-bone in comb honey, 

 it was Capt. Hetherington who tirst saw 

 the importance of reducing the amount of 

 wax in the base and putting as much as 

 possible in the wall. We have talked a 

 good deal about this of late, but really Mr. 

 Hetherington was ahead of all of us in this. 



Super springs, the exact form we are 

 Using to-day, a device for applying a yield- 

 ing pressure on sections while in the super, 

 were the invention of Capt. J. E. Hether- 

 ington — at least he used them away back 

 in j872, and has used them continuously 

 till this time. This one fact alone speaks 

 volumes for their practicability ; and it is 

 strange that we of these latter days did not 

 discover their value sooner. 



CELLAR WINTERING WITHOUT VENTILATION. 



Some Contradictory Experiences. 



BY IRA BARBER. 



Friend Ernest: — I notice what you say in 

 regard to my being located so far north that 

 it may make a difference in keeping bees 

 quiet in winter quarters. My bees years 

 ago acted just as you say yours do. They 

 would scatter out and fly about in the cel- 

 lar every time the weather warmed up out- 

 side, and not quiet down until the weather 

 became colder, if I did not give them ven- 

 tilation from some source; and since I 

 learned that it was fresh air that caused 

 all the trouble I have seen no such scatter- 

 ing out, no matter how often the weather 

 changed during the winter. 



The cellars are made frost- proof if no bees 

 are in them; and where there are bees 

 enough put in to raise the temperature very 

 much, the bees will bunch out at the fly- 

 holes; and when the room cools down, the 

 bees will draw back in and do not rouse up 

 and fly about as one would suppose they 

 would. The rise and fall of the temper- 

 ature is so gradual that they do not appear 

 to notice it. 



I want you to come up here and see for 

 yourself, for I think it would be the best 

 investment you could make; for if 1 had 

 known, 30 years ago, what I am telling 3 ou 

 it would have been worth thousands of dol- 

 lars to me; for I never could winter bees so 

 they were ready for sections when set out (so 

 far as bees were concerned), until I kept 

 all fresh air from them while in winter 

 quarters. 



Your cellar under the machine-shop is a 

 large one, and partitioned off with burlaps, 

 as I understand. Now, that is altogether 

 too airy a material to make a close bee-eel- 



