186 



GLEANINGS IN BEE CULTURE. 



Feb. 15 



Graham was elected president for life. His 

 occupation from childhood was bee-keeping; 

 and after coming- to Texas he also manu- 

 factured bee-keepers' supplies. He was al- 

 ways pleasant to all about him, and never 

 seemed to tire of talking bees. He has oft- 

 en remarked to the writer that, when he had 

 honey to sell, he was always able to rattle 

 silver in his pockets. He managed bees by 

 hundreds of colonies, and was always suc- 

 cessful. His kind words and pleasant 

 smiles will be g^reatly ruissed at the conven- 

 tion, and by those who lived around him. 



A Friend. 



CLEVELAND'S BEE-ESCAPE AND NAIL- 

 SPACED BROOD-FRAME. 



I am sending you a box containiag' a bee- 

 escape, and also a corner of a brood- frame 

 which I got up recently. 



You will, of cour>;e, see the "points" of 

 the brood frame. It is " non-gumable, " 

 self spacing, and strong-. The ends give 

 better room for nailing- than other frames; 

 are stronger, and can not be put together 

 with a "wind" in them. A starting- hole 

 should be made in the end-bar for the hang-- 



CLEVELAND'S BROOD-FRAME. 



nail to prevent splitting, and insure accu- 

 racy. The head of the nail is to hang^.over 

 the rabbet tin, and to do end spacing- with- 

 out staples. They are cheaper to make 

 than the Hoffman, and stronger in construc- 

 tion than any I have seen. 



CLEVELAND'S BEE-ESCAPE. 



The escape I make myself, and have used 

 it in my apiary two years, and like it bet- 

 ter than any other. To operate, a stick to 

 close a hive-opening- is notched to take in 

 the escape. The super is taken off and set 



on an ordinary bottom- board, and a cover 

 put on, and the escape applied to the en- 

 trance, when it may be set on top of the hive, 

 or several supers may be piled up where 

 convenient. 



The advantages I find in it are, the bees 

 are disturbed but once; no special bottom- 

 board is required; several supers maybe 

 put in a pile, and the escape is on the out- 

 side, the natural place for the bee to go to 

 get out. Practically it works to perfection. 



Hinsdale, 111. R. D. Cleveland. 



[This escape is, no doubt, a very good 

 one; it is, however, old. The principle of 

 it is practically the same as the one shown 

 in our issue for May 15, 18stl, page 430, but 

 patented as far back as June 26, 1860. In 

 our A B C of Bee Culture for i891 we showed 

 an escape making use of a row of pins piv- 

 oted to a common shaft, the same as is 

 shown in the illustration below. This, Mr. 

 Walter S. Pouder brought out in 1884; so 

 it appears that this form of escape is the 

 oldest known. 



The objection urged at the time against 

 this "flood-gate" principle was that the 

 pin-points would become propolizid down. 

 The same objection would apply to the one 

 here shown, in some localities and with 

 some bees. When they become gummed up 

 too badly they could be readily cleaned by 

 immersing in hot water. 



The brood -frame here shown embodies 

 the well-known principle of frame support 

 and of frame spacing. The correspondence 

 in our office shows that quite a large num- 

 ber of people have been using this princi- 

 ple for many years. It has been illustrat- 

 ed in various forms for a number ef years 

 back. — Ed.J 



THE STAKKEY COVER. 



I noticed, on page 71, Mr. H. H. Root's 

 description of Mr. E. E. Star key's hive- 

 cover. I should like to hear from Mr. Root 

 as to how Mr. Stanley keeps bees from 

 building in the same. Please give depth of 

 cover. W. H. Ragan. 



Thibodeaux, La., Jan. 23. 



[This was referred to H. H. Root, who is 

 attending school at the Northwestern Uni- 

 versity at Evanston, Ills. He answers as 

 follows:] 



Perhaps in the article referred to I did 

 not make the description of the hive-cover 

 sufficiently clear. It might be called a 

 telescopic cover, three inches in depth, with 

 the sides or walls of wood, and the top or 

 roof of water-proof canvas. This canvas 

 lies right on the tops of the frames. The 

 bees can not get into the cover at all. for, 

 no matter how much the frame warps or 

 twists, the canvas will always lie flat upon 

 the top of the hive. H. H. Root. 



CONSUMERS getting DISGUSTED WITH THE 

 CHEAP CORN SYRUPS. 



You spoke of cheap syrup on the market, 

 Jan. 1. Why, the countrj' stores are full of 

 it here in Maine, under the name of corn 

 syrup, golden drip, etc. But the stores that 



