1911 



(^LEAXIXOS IX BKE Cl'F/l I'llK 



Luis Potosi, 

 and that par- 

 ties there made 

 the profit on it. 

 At this point 

 I noticed a 1 1 

 along the foot- 

 hills a growth 

 of yellow weed 

 — a strong 

 shrubby ])eren- 

 nial something 

 like the yellow 

 dock from 

 which our bees 

 make a strong 

 yellow honey 

 in the fall. I 

 imagine that it 

 is from this 

 w^eed that the 

 bees along this 

 valley make 

 the bad honey. 

 Further on, 

 the railroad 

 climbs out of 

 the valley on 

 to a high table- 

 land country, 

 and in places 



FIG. o. — NATURAL HONEY-COMB IN YUCCA TRUNK 

 POTOSI, MEXICO. 



HIVE, SAN hVlS 



there were patches a few miles square com- 

 pletely covered by a diminutive suntlower. 

 It did not grow over a foot high, but was 

 evidently of the genus Helianthus with our 

 common sunflower, and I should think that 

 bees would do well on it in the fall. 



About the line of the state of Guanajuato, 

 which is one of the most fertile states of the 

 republic, among the highlands, I saw the 

 first chayotillo plants, but not enough in 

 any one place for a bee location. The chay- 

 otillo plant is, perhaps, Mexico's greatest 

 honey-plant, and in another article I expect 

 to discuss it and give a picture of it. 



Mesilla Park, New Mexico. 



EUROPEAN FOUL BROOD. 



A Study of the Conditions and Environments 

 which Have a Bearing on the Cure. An Ex- 

 planation of a Great Many Failures. 



BY F. B. CAVANAGH. 



Jn Three Chapters. Chapter One. 



When we located at Hebron, two years 

 ago, it was with a certain knowledge that 

 European foul brood, commonly called 

 black brood, existed in the vicinity. At 

 that time our law had not been passed pro- 

 viding for an inspector, and black bees were 

 suffering considerably from the disease. 

 One fact stood forth, however, that honey 

 crops were still being secured, and this de- 

 cided me in coming here. I took the chance, 

 trusting to my past experience in shipping 

 bees to abridge my supply in case the dis- 

 ease reduced the number of colonies. Friends 

 thought the move a mistake, which it no 



doubt was from a rational standpoint. How- 

 ever, not being built on rational lines I 

 wanted to "know" from actual experience 

 — to " beard the lion in his den," as it were. 

 I therefore shipped some SOO colonies into 

 that diseased location, all of which were 

 healthy. Believe me, though, that lion 

 was the most ferocious monster I had ever 

 met, and it had me badly seared before the 

 summer was half over, although 1 did not 

 cease fighting. 



As I relate the following experience with 

 European foul brood it is wnth the realiza- 

 tion that I have been favored in many w^ays. 

 Our foul-brood law, recently passed, has 

 proven efficient under the splendid organiz- 

 ed work of our inspector, Mr. Demuth. The 

 disease has, by the application of advanced 

 methods, and with Italian bees, proven 

 more easy to cure than I at first anticipat- 

 ed. While we have secured but little honey 

 during the past two years, I am glad to 

 have had the experience of winning a real 

 battle with the disease; and the following is 

 given with the hope that it may help other 

 bee-keepers to defeat the enemy. 



During the spring of 1909 I made the fol- 

 lowing shipments: About April 20 the Ayles- 

 worth yard of three-banded golden Italians, 

 Cyprians, Carniolans, and Caucasians; May 

 20, the George yard, from Wisconsin, which 

 was excellent stock, about half dark hybrids 

 and the rest three-banded Italians. .lune 5 

 I purchased the Berdine yard of 50 hives, 

 about half Moore's strain and the rest dark 

 hybrids. In all there were about 300 colo- 

 nies, all of which were healthy. 



The disease soon made its appearance in 

 every yard; but in each case I was sooner or 

 later advised by some neighbor that ray 



