284 



GLEANINGS IN BEE CULTURE 



plate, but with a very light-yellow filter over 

 the lens, known as the " K-1." The last 

 picture was taken on a panchromatic plate 

 with a " K-3 " filter, Avhich, as can be seen, 

 has the effect of making the honey appear 

 almost water-white. The " K-3 " filter and 

 the panchromatic plate is the right combi- 

 nation for average photogTaphing of honey ; 

 but under very favorable cireumBtanoes 

 where the honey is very light, and has a 



white background, the " K-1 " filter gives 

 about the right tone. Beekeepers who own 

 cameras might not be able to use just this 

 combination, especially in case of film cam- 

 eras; but if a photographer is employed, 

 insist on his using a " K-3 " filter and a 

 IDanehromatie plate. Your picture will then 

 look like your exhibit, and not like an 

 exhibit of Carter's ink. Figures may not 

 lie, but pictures can. 



SOWING SWEET CLOVER WITH OATS 



BY FRANK COVERDALE 



1. I have a piece of land from which a 

 corn crop was taken last fall. I wish to get 

 it seeded to sweet clover as soon as possible. 

 "Will it do as well if sown with oats as if 

 sown broadcast alone in the spring? 



2. If sown alone will it be better to sow 

 it without breaking up the ground in any 

 way (ground being firm and quite even) or 

 would it pay me to disk it and harrow once? 

 I have to hire all work done, so if disking 

 is not necessary it w^ould be an advantage 

 financially. 



Granville, Mich. W. M. P. Jerrett. 



Mr. Jerrett is located at Granville, Mich., 

 where I rather think his land will not be so 

 dry as to prevent him from getting a good 

 growth. I would recommend making a test 

 for acid, however. To do this, secure from 

 a druggist a few sheets of litmus paper. 

 Stick a spade three inches into moist sur- 

 face soil; withdraw the blade and put in a 

 sheet of litmus and press the soil tightly 

 against the paper for ten minutes. After 

 removal, if the litmus paper has turned 

 pink, lime is needed for best results. How- 

 ever, if there is only a slight pink color on 

 the paper it is possible to get along without 

 the lime. 



Tn either case. Early Champion oats is th^ 

 best variety to seed with. Sow a third less 

 than the usual seeding of oats. It is a 

 pretty good plan to inoculate the seed. I 

 prefer the glue and dust method when it is 



done right. Select some soil three inches 

 under the surface, where sweet clover has 

 grown for years. Dry it in a cellar — not 

 quite dry, Ijut so it will pulverize nicely. 

 Moisten the seed well with glue water that 

 is just a little sticky when put between your 

 finger and thumb. Mix thoroly, allowing all 

 the dirt possible to hang to the seed. I have 

 had the best results by sowing this inocu- 

 lated seed by hand, because in this way the 

 dirt sticks to the seed, whereas a seeder rubs 

 and grinds it loose. None of the extras need 

 be put on where sweet clover has been grow- 

 ing in late years. Do not allow the sunlight 

 to strike the seed before covering. 



Referring to the second question, it will 

 pay Mr. Jerrett to make a seed-bed on tlie 

 surface, cultivating it quite well, as ths 

 white sweet clover always makes a stronger 

 growtli on such prepared land. It is always 

 the poorly cultivated as well as the corners 

 that are missed that do the poorest. 



If the soil cuts in well, one good harrow- 

 ing will be sufficient. If not, double and 

 hai'i'ow. It probably would not pay to plow 

 unless the land is a tough sod. I always 

 plow such fields with good results, and se- 

 cure a good deal of .seed or hay the first 

 season. 



If Mr. Jerrett should not want to disk or 

 plow the ground I would advise sowing the 

 seed in March just as the snow is going off. 



Delmar, Iowa. 



TWO FORMS OF BEE PARALYSIS IN JAMAICA 



BY C. N. EDDOWES 



Having read two articles recently on the 

 subject of paralysis in bees, the last by Mr. 

 M. Y. Calcutt, "page 990, Dec. 15, I was 

 induced to take up the subject again. In 

 an article on page 881, Dec. 1, 1913, will be 

 found my experiments, and the results ob- 

 tained by breeding to obtain stock immune 

 to this disease. As Mr. Calcutt does not 



give a full description of the appearance 

 of the bees when suffering from paralysis, 

 and as there wall probably be a question 

 whether paralysis in Jamaica is the same 

 as that in the United States, I will give a 

 full description of the bees as tliey appear 

 when attacked by the disease here. 



There ai'e two forms of the disease, tlie 



