SEPTEMBER 1, 19ir. 



mana<>empnt, that is to be t'ound. Part of 

 tliis system of management is the feature 

 that puts an end to the rival beekeepers in 

 the territory they occupy. This havS been 

 accomplished by purchasing- the absolute 

 and exclusive right to place bees in tlie 

 territory they desired to make use of. On 

 tlie island of Oalni they have complete 

 control of all the island except in and 

 about ^le city of Honolulu. Honolulu be- 

 ing a city, and liaving thousands of small 

 Ijroperty-holders, it would be impossible 

 to control tliat territory. (In the event 

 that any person may think of coming to 

 Honolulu J Avill state that at this time the 

 Japanese at the i^resent time have the 

 Honolulu territory overstocked, there being 

 about tAvice as many colonies as good man- 

 agement would dictate. 



The Hawaiian Islands, while but small 

 patches of soil in the center of the Pacific 

 Ocean, are the home of wealth and big- 

 business. Big corporations are th-e rule. 

 Ill thiis land of big plantations, honey pro- 

 duction was at first looked uj^on with 

 amusement. To use Gilbert's own language, 

 " For the first seven years we were the joke 

 of Honolulu. That there could be money 

 in lioney production w^as beyond the wildest 

 conception of the average islander." But 

 such was not the prevailing opinion after 

 tiie first few years had passed, and today 

 one of the richest bankers in Honolulu is 

 interested in honey production, and owns a 

 large cliain of apiaries on one of the islands. 



Honolulu, H. I. 



Nine-year-old alg:oroba-tree. 



THREE BEE-TREES HAVING TOP VENTILATION 



I'.Y W. JI. CRAWFORD 



On page 1019, Dec. 15, 1915, the editor 

 says: "For it seems to be a fundamental 

 iirinciple that hive entraiice^ for colonies in 

 winter quarters should be at the bottom, 

 jirimarily to hold the warmer sti'atum of air 

 that naturally rises to the top, and is eon- 

 fined because it cannot eseajie." This re- 

 minds me of three bee-trees I found in 

 middle Texas in the spring of 1892. The 

 first one was a Sjianish oak that had been 

 bi-oken off six feet above the ground, having 

 a hollow ten inclies in diameter from tlie 

 top to the ground. The l)ees entered at the 

 top, and began to build tiieir nest two feet 

 i)elow, and continued the combs to the bot- 

 tom, using the ojiening at tlie toy) of tlie 

 stump as theii' enti'ance. 



The second one was a post-oak tree about 

 I lie size of the first one. Tt had l)een brok- 

 en off Inur IVet from the ground, leaving 

 a stuni|» with a lioUow four I'cel long and 



ten inches in diameter. Tlie bees entered 

 at the top, and occupied the entire space. 



The third was a live-oak that had been 

 broken ofi' twenty feet from the ground, 

 with a hollow twenty feet long, and averag- 

 ing nine inches in diameter. The bees en- 

 tered this tree at the top as in the first and 

 second, and began their nest tw'o feet below, 

 and had built nice straight combs seven feet 

 long. The combs showed that the bees had 

 occupied this place for three seasons at 

 least. Notwithstanding this tree had an 

 opening at (he gi-ound foui- inches in dia- 

 meter, and one at the top six inches in dia- 

 meter, thereby allowing a current of air to 

 pass up thru the ti'ee, and also allowing 

 rain and snow to fall dii'ectly upon the 

 bees, nevertheless they wei'e a ]irosperous 

 colony \vhen I found them. 



I cut this tree oil' below thi' combs, and 

 hauled it to my apiaiy ol Iwche colonies, 



