.TlNK, 1920 



G L E A N I N.G S IN BEE CULTURE 



335 



by different methods in attempting 

 statewide control. 



2. The beekeeper can keep his losses from 

 European foul brood negligible by main- 

 taining Italian bees, good colony 

 strength and careful wintering, and by 

 requeening as the disease appears. 



?>. The beekeeper can not eradicate Euro- 

 pean foul brood completely and keep it 

 out by an}' methods now known. 



4. Tlic presence of European foul biood 

 in a yard may or may not tlireaten the 

 health of neighboring bees; but, even 

 if it docs, the jiresent methods of treat- 

 ment will not protect the neighboring 

 apiary. 



.".. Therefore, the European foul-brood 

 problem, except for preventing trans- 

 portation into clean territory, is not one 

 for compulsory measures in the present 

 state of our knowledge. 



(). On the other hand, American foul brood 

 is a menace to neighboring apiaries, can 

 be readily transported, and can be per- 

 manently and completely eradicated. 



7. The most important means of distribut- 



iug American foul brood is the sale and 

 transportation of bees and used bee-sup- 

 plies. 



The first five of these premises have been 

 covered so thoroly by Dr. Phillips in talks 

 in all parts of the country that they scarcely 

 need further explanation. When a method 

 of eradicating every trace of European foul 

 brood from an apiary or a township has been 

 worked out by the government, at least one 

 Wisconsin county, Manitowoc, will be ready 

 to try it out at once. In the meantime the 

 beekeepers of that region are buying Italian 

 queens in wholesale quantities thru their 

 strong local association and adopting the 

 other control measures recommended. 



The sixth and seventh points are based 

 primarily on experience with foul brood in 

 Wisconsin, altho they can undoubtedly be 

 confirmed in other parts of the United 

 States. Many an aj>iary of the State has 

 cleaned up completely and never had a re- 

 currence. Space is too limited to give the 

 evidence we have, showing that the transpor- 

 tation of bees and bee supplies is a much 



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