October, 1921 



G 1. K A N I N G S I N H K K C r 1. T l" K E 



619 



pressing down. This is to ))rcvcnt bulging 

 out the sides. From three to six inches of 

 packing can be put in at the sides and ends 

 by permitting a slight bulging of the paper 

 beyond the rim at the bottom, or a greater 



amount can 

 be put in if 

 some slack is 

 left in the pa- 

 per at the 

 lower corners 

 when the lath 

 are nailed on. 

 Fill in with 

 8 to 10 inches 

 on top, then 

 fold down the 

 upper edges 

 of the paper 

 as in wrapping a package (Fig. 4). 



Crease the 4-foot piece of paper, which is 

 to be used for the cover, by folding over 

 the edges (Fig. 5) before putting it in place. 

 After it is in place fold the corners neatly, 

 as in wrapping a package; then tie a cord 

 around the folded-down eilges to hold them 

 snug against the sides (Fig. 6). Tie a cord 

 to one of the projecting nails in one of the 

 side lath, pass it across the top of the hive 

 under both nails on the opposite side, then 

 back to the other nail on the first side, 

 where it is fastened. 



Fis:. 9. — Rim in place for paclc 

 ing hives in pairs. 



Using Regular Hive Cover Instead of Paper 

 Cover. 



The ordinary liive cover may be used in- 

 stead of the paper cover, by putting an 

 empty hive-body on top of the hive, then 

 folding the paper against its upper edge 

 above the packing (Fig. 7). Tie a cord 

 around the upper edge of the ])aper to hold 

 it in place, pack the upper story, and put 

 on the cover (Fig. SI. 



Packing Hives in Pairs. 

 Hives can be packed in pairs witl 

 tie more material and l;ibor 

 than for a sin- 

 gle hive. For 

 two colonies 

 t h e 2-i n c h 

 pieces for the 

 front and back 

 of the r i m 

 should be 36yo 

 inches long 

 (Fig. 9), and 

 the lath for 

 the front and 

 back should be 

 36 inches long. 

 The paper to 

 form the sides should be cut a!>out IOV2 

 feet long (Fig. 10). and for the cover about 

 414 feet long. 



[lacked 



SOME PACKING CASE PROBLEMS 



THE underly- 

 ing princi- 

 ples of good 

 winter packing 

 a r e universal, 

 and need no re- 

 hearsing here. 

 It is in their ap- 

 plication that 

 differences oc- 

 cur. From the time when tlie quaiinijilc 

 case first made its way into favor witli 

 beeraen, down to the latest bulletin on win- 

 ter packing, issued by the United States 

 Department of Agriculture (September. 

 1918), it has suffered many and wide varia- 

 tions in details of construction. But, taking 

 the variously made cases as they apjieared. 

 it seems to me that four cardinal weak- 

 nesses in the make-up have made the me- 

 chanical features of a case, otherwise really 

 good, liable to just criticism. The points 

 so censurable are as follows: 



(1) The absence of any tried, tested, and 

 approved device for enlarging or contract- 

 ing the entrances of the case. 



(2) Awkward, inadequate, or flimsy means 

 of holding the corners of the case together. 



(3) The laving on of the boards horizon- 

 tally. 



(4) Lack of rigiditv \u const j\k-X\oi\, 



HoTi! These Difficulties Were Over- 

 come to iMeet the Necessities of a 

 Large 'Producer 



Bv E. G. Baldwin 



The case here 

 described and il- 

 lustrated reme 

 dies in some de- 

 gree at least, so 

 it seems to me, 

 all four of the 

 inherent weak- 

 nesses or faults 

 n.'imed. 

 for st.'iiidard-sized 

 Farmers' Bulletin 



Till' leconinuMidat ion 

 entrances, as given ii 

 1012, United States Department of Agri 

 culture, is four augur holes, each three- 

 eighths of an inch in diameter. Ant! this 

 size of opening I myself religiously preached 

 from one end of Michigan to the utteiinost 

 parts of Ohio, and up and down the good 

 State of Indiana. This, too, despite many 

 complaints that kept coming in. that a lar- 

 ger opening must be provided in middle and 

 southern Indiana, and in Ohio south of Co- 

 lumbus. When I took up the practical appli 

 cation of beekeeping principles commer 

 cially, more especially of the principles of 

 winter packing in northeastern Ohio, sev- 

 eral years ago, in a section where fall flows 

 from buckwheat, goldenrod, and wild asters 

 give an almost certain crop, that leaves the 

 colonies overflowing with bees at the time 

 they are packed for winter, I found it im- 

 possible to confine tlic bees to tiie hives by 



