278 PROTECTTOX AOAIXST INSECTS. 



where the insect is common south of Scotland, a sinf^'le 

 generation is more usual, the larvae which hatch in ]\[ay or 

 June becoming full-fed at the end of July and remaining in 

 the tree throughout the winter. 



c. Pieltiiiojis lo iha For(>f<t. 



The beetle attacks old and young elm-trees, and sometimes 

 also the ash. 



The mother-gallery is broad, short, ascending and vertical, 

 about 2*5 mm. broad, and with 1 to 2 air holes. The second- 

 ary galleries ramify from it at right angles in a fairly regular 

 manner, lie close together, are long, sometimes extending for 

 more than 4 in., gracefully curved, and somewhat broader at 

 their ends than the primary gallery. The pupal chambers 

 when the bark is thin are excavated partly in the sapwood. 



Tliis beetle especially attacks elms in the neiglibourhood of 

 large towns ; thus in 1842, elms in Eegent's Park were infested, 

 and in 1870, many elm-trees that had been weakened by a 

 raising of the groundwater level were killed in ]3erlin. 



d. ProiecHvB PuJfs. 



As a preventive measure, elms in avenues, parks, etc., may 

 be smeared with Leinweber's* composition. 



All stems attacked by the beetle should be felled, beginning 

 in July, and the bark burned. Trees that have been felled 

 may be used as traps, and treated accordingly. 



2. Sroliftus iiitricatiis, Eatz. 



a. Dfsrnpfioii. 



Beetle, 3 — 4 mm. long; Ijlack, with the elytra, antennae and 



legs, pitchy-red, or brown ; the former with close rows of 



punctures, the interstices narrow, closely wrinkled, the suture 



depressed round the scutellum ; abdomen unarmed. 



• 5 lbs. tobacco, mixed with J pailful of hot water, are kept hot for 24 hours ; 

 the water is then squeezed out of the tobacco and mixed with J pailful of 

 bullock's blood, 1 part of slaked lime and Ifi parts of cow-dung. This is kept 

 in an open tub and stirred once a day, and used after fermentation lias set in. 

 The rough bark, moss, etc., is trimmed off the tree, and the latter painted with 

 the mixture for three successive days, until a crust is formed which the rain 

 will not wash off. 



