308 PROTECTION AGAINST INSECTS. 



c. Remedial Measures. 



i. Collection or destruction of caterpillars (end of September 

 — beginning of October), as tlie}' come do^Yn the trees to 

 pupate. 



ii. Collection of pupae in the winter. 



iii. Girdling the trees with grease-bands at a height of 1 lo 

 3 3'ards. This method has given fairl}'^ good results in the 

 Eberswald. On 3 acres about 500 caterpillars per tree were 

 caught at an expense of lis. per acre. Unfortunatel}' most 

 of the eggs had been laid above the bands, and the eventful 

 destruction of all the foliage of the trees was only delayed.* 

 The Germans do not now spend money on destroying this 

 insect, as complete defoliation lasts only one year and the 

 attacked trees do not die. 



4. Bomhyx clmjsovrhoca, L. {Broivn-tail Moth), 

 a. Desrrijition. 



Moth with a spread of wing of 30 to 40 mm. White ; the 

 inner margins of the wings fringed with long hairs ; fore- 

 wings in the 3 usually marked with small black spots about 

 the middle and towards the anal angle. Abdomen brown 

 towards the tip, which is furnished in the S with a tuft of 

 dark-browii down, thicker and red-brown in the ? . 



Caterpillar 35 mm. long, 10-legged, with radiating tufts of 

 long yellowish-brown hairs, brownish-grey above, with 2 red, 

 slightly zigzag lines along the back from the Gtli segment 

 towards the tail, and 2 vermilion warts on the 9tli and lOtli 

 segments, grey beneath, with yellow spots and streaks. 



Pupa dark brown, hairy, with pointed tail, in a brownish- 

 grey cocoon. 



h. Life- his (or//. 



The moth appears at the end of June and in July. 



The 2 lays 200 to 300 brownish-yellow eggs on the lower 

 surface of leaves of many broadleaved trees, and covers them 

 with the dense iluff from her tail. 



* Bombyx f/ncaitc^i, Moore, is very destructive to foliage of the sal {Shorea 

 rohnsta^ in Assam, and sometimes loccurs in enormous numbers over very ex- 

 tensive areas. It also attacks the leaves of tea bushes. Indian Museum Notes, 

 Vol. I., page 29. 



