LOPHODERMIUM MACROSPORUM. 



1.67 



especially dangerous to the west of the nursery. The spaces 

 in nursery-beds between the rows of seedings should never be 

 covered with pine branches, which favour the spread of the 

 disease, but with leaves of broad leaved trees or moss. 

 iv. Burn carefully all affected plants. 



20. Ij. niacrosporuni, R. Hrtg. 

 a. Dcsrriptmi and mode of Alhick. 



Fig. 227. — a Umler surface of a spruce twi;,'- in winter, attacked by Lophodermium 

 macrosporitm, R. Hrtg. 

 a Dead brown needles at the base of the second year's shoot. 

 J3 Freshly attacked third year's needles. 

 7 Xecdlcs witli black perithecia. 

 /; Hrown TU'cdlcs witli ripe perithecia (3) not yet burst. 



This fungus on the spruce, according to E. Hartig, causes 

 either needle-rust or needle-cast. 



The former disease appears in mountainous regions at mid- 

 summer as a rusty discoloration of needles on two years old 

 shoots, and in the plains later during autumn ; finally l>lack- 

 sporocarps {PcriOicria) appear on the under surface of the 

 infected needles, which burst longitudinally and emit their 

 spores in the succeeding April or May. The needles with the 

 empty sporocarps remain on the tree for several years. At 

 first only the needles on two years fild and older shoots are 

 attacked ; later on, those of yearling shoots as well. Tbis is 



H H 2 



