576 PROTECTION AOAINST IHMK. 



r. Ldidlih/. 

 The damage done by rime and ice, in Central and Northern 

 Germany, chiefly occurs at altitudes between 1,600 and 2,000 

 feet.- In South Germany, up to 3,300 feet, crops suffer the more 

 the faster their growth and the shorter the interval since the 

 last thinning. The wetter the soil the more trees are up- 

 rooted. Northerly, north-easterly and easterly aspects suffer 

 most, especially steep slopes and depressions exposed to the 

 north-east wind. Woods suffer on both sides of valleys 



running east and west, whilst 

 in valleys running north and 

 south only the east aspect 

 suffers. 



d. Densitij of Crop. 

 Isolated trees suffer more 

 from rime and ice than trees 

 growing in dense woods, as 

 they liave a larger surface 

 exposed, and this applies to 

 avenue trees, seed-bearers in 

 regeneration - fellings and 

 standards over coppice, and 

 also to trees along tl;e easterly 

 ,,. ,.„ ,. „ , o , and northerly borders of a 



lig. 2.)'J. rsewlles ot Scots piue •' 



eucrustLil witii kc. wood, or of an exposed felling- 



area. Trees afford one another 

 mutual protection in a dense wood. At the same time, lofty 

 poles just set free from a dense growth by a thiiniing may 

 suffer considerably. 



e. Weather. 

 Most damage by ice occurs in January and February ; but 

 trees may be endangered in November and December. North 

 and east winds specially favour ice-formation. 



C. Record of Bad Years. 



The damage done by rime and ice as well as by snow is of a 

 local nature, and in the Harz mountains there were thirteen 



