4i6 



A TEXT-BOOK OF BOTANY 



Fig. 243. Red Raspberry {Rubus IdcEus): I, Compound fruit consisting of a number 

 of drupelets crowded together on the top and sides of the receptacle; II, transverse section 

 of a drupelet showing'epicarp (epi), hypoderm (Hy), mesocarp (Mes), outer endocarp (F), 

 inner endocarp (F'), testa (S), raphe (R), endosperm (E), and embryo (Em); III, stone 

 including endocarp and seed; IV, stone somewhat magnified; V, style and stigma; VI, 

 surface section of epicarp showing straight hair (h'), sinuous hairs (h) and stoma (sto) ; 

 VII, transverse section of endocarp and seed showing endocarp (End) consisting of longi- 

 tudinally extended fibers (If), transversely extended fibers (qf), testa (S) consisting of 

 epidermis (ep), parenchyma or nutritive layer (p), and inner epidermis (iep) ; hyaline 

 layer or nucellus (N), endosperm (E) with aleurone grains (k). — After Winton, 



