288 BACTERIOLOGY. 



the disease. It may occur upon the mucous membrane 

 of the nares, but its most conspicuous expressions are in 

 the skin and muscles, where appear abscesses, phleg- 

 mons, erysipelas-like inflammations, and local necrosis 

 closely resembling carbuncles. Metastases to the lungs, 

 kidneys, and testicles, as in the horse, may also be seen. 



When occurring upon the mucous membrane glanders 

 is characterized by the presence of small gray nodules 

 about as large as a pin-head, that closely resemble rnil- 

 iary tubercles in their naked-eye appearance. These 

 consist histologically of granulation tissue, i. e., of small 

 round cells, very similar to proliferating leucocytes, ot 

 some lymph-cells, and, in the earliest stages, of a small 

 proportion of necrotic tissue. As they grow older, and 

 the process advances, there is a tendency toward central 

 necrosis, with the ultimate formation of a soft, yellow, 

 creamy, pus-like material. Though strikingly like mil- 

 iary tubercles in certain respects in the early stages, there 

 are, nevertheless, decided points of difference between 

 them. 



The round-cell infiltration of the glanders nodules 

 consists essentially of polynuclear leucocytes, while that 

 of the miliary tubercle partakes more of the nature of a 

 lymphocytic infiltration ; in the later stages of the pro- 

 cess the glanders nodule breaks down into a soft creamy 

 matter, very analogous to ordinary pus, while in the 

 later stages of the miliary tubercle the tendency is toward 

 an amalgamation of its histological constituents, and 

 ultimately to necrosis with caseation. The giant-cell 

 formation common to tuberculosis is never seen in the 

 glanders nodule. As Baumgarten aptly puts it : "The 

 pathological manifestations of glanders, from the histo- 

 logical aspect, stand midway between the acute purulent 



