THE STRUCTURE OF BACTERIA. 3! 



taneously observed (Figs. 6, 7, 15, 18). By 

 contraction of the protoplasm and decrease in 

 the quantity of water contained, the spore 

 comes to have a highly refractive appearance. 

 Its body becomes limited externally by a dense 

 and rapidly formed 

 spore-membrane. The 

 motile forms become 

 motionless before spore- 

 formation. It is a mat- 

 ter of secondary signif- 

 icance that sometimes 

 all the cell-protoplasm r 



\ . r Fig. 16. The Germination of 



is converted into a Spores. 



A, B. subtil is after Bre- 



SpOre, and that SOme feld ; the spore membrane 



. . . splits open on one side, the 



times a portion remains rod grows, however, in the 



. . direction of the long axis of 



OUtSlde. It IS likewise the spore. B, Clostridinm 



. butyricnm, after Prazmow- 



01 Subordinate impor- ski ; the young cell grows 



from the pole. In the en- 



tance whether the Spore dospores A and B the empty 



.. 1 spore membrane is left be- 



be round, Oval Or bean- hind on germination. 



. . C, Gonidia of Leiiconostoc' 



Shaped, whether it IS after van Tieghem ; the 



j ., -1 11 membrane of the arthro- 



lOrmed. at the middle OI spore a becomes swollen 



-i 11 and the arthrospore grows 



the Cell Or at the end, like a vegetative cell. D,B. 



1 - , ^ Zopfti after Kurth. E. 



Whether the Cell pre- Commabacilli after Hueppe. 



serves its form or suffers a preliminary swell- 

 ing at the place where the spore is to form. 

 In the germination of spores, likewise, similar 

 small and inconsiderable differences make 

 their appearance (Fig. 16). These characters 



