l62 BACTERIOLOGY. 



ment. In putrefying fluids the bacilli gener- 

 ally lose their virulence in consequence of the 

 competition of other microbes. Out of such 

 putrid fluids Koch isolated the bacterium in 1 878 

 and regarded it as the germ producing mouse 

 septicaemia, while Loffler in 1882 obtained cul- 

 tures from swine. 



Hcemorrhagic scpticcemia. I have grouped 

 under this name diseases caused by germs 

 which, at their first discovery, were regarded 

 as distinct species. Here belong the germs 

 causing septicaemia in rabbits (Koch), which 

 bear the same relation to the germs found in 

 the larger domestic animals as do the germs of 

 mouse septicaemia to those of swine erysipelas. 

 Here also are to be placed chicken cholera (Per- 

 roncito and Pasteur), the Wildseuche and Rin- 

 derseuche of Bollinger, Kitt and Hueppe, and 

 the German Schweineseuche described by 

 Loffler. 



The germs occur in the form of spheroids 

 and of both short and long rods, in which polar 

 granules usually arise by plasmolysis during 

 the process of staining ; they are arthrosporous 

 bacteria, are non-motile, and are decolorized by 

 Gram's method. The growth in gelatin and 

 upon agar and potato is not very characteristic. 

 In peptone solutions the bacteria form phenol 

 and indol. Inoculated into the larger animals, 



