DESCRIPTIONS OF PATHOGENIC BACTERIA. I// 



have observed in trout also a kind of septicae- 

 mia caused by bacteria, 



The germs causing gonorrhcea and blen- 

 norrhcea were discovered with the aid of the 

 microscope by Neisser. They were cultivated 

 by Bumm upon human blood-serum and later 

 were studied in a more thorough-going fashion 

 by Wertheim especially by the aid of the blood- 

 serum plate method devised by Hueppe ; they 

 grow only at blood temperature. According 

 to Eraud and Hugounenq they secrete a poison- 

 ous proteid-like substance when grown in pep- 

 tone solution, but not when in asparagin solu- 

 tion. The germs are biscuit-shaped ; they give 

 up the stain when treated by Gram's method ; 

 both these characteristics serve generally to 

 distinguish them positively from the Staphy- 

 lococci. They are usually enclosed in the 

 goriorrhceal pus cells (Fig.25 A), but occur also 

 in the neighboring organs, and are found in 

 cases of peritonitis, ovarian inflammations, in 

 the joints in gonorrhceal rheumatism, and in in- 

 flammatory conditions of the valves of the heart. 



Nicolaier in 1885 discovered in the pus 

 formed in cases of lockjaw or tetanus rodlets 

 which form endospores at one end. The end of 

 the rod containing the endospores is broadened 

 and swollen, giving to the germ the shape of a 

 drumstick. Here, therefore, we meet with 



12 



