DESCRIPTIONS OF PATHOGENIC BACTERIA. 213 



is shut off. We usually find moulds there- 

 fore, parasitic only upon the surface of the 

 body, upon the skin or the mucous mem- 

 branes. The favus mould was identified by 

 Schonlein as far back as 1839 as the cause f 

 scald, and was named in honor of its discoverer 

 Achorion Schbnleinii ; the different kinds of 

 favus occurring in man may be only varieties 

 of one species. The very similar Trichophyton 

 tonsurans, which was found in 1845 by Gruby 

 and Malmsten, is certainly another species. 

 The cause of the disease pityriasis versicolor 

 was discovered by Eichstedt in 1846 to be the 

 Microsporon furfur. 



The disease known as thrush, an affection of 

 the mucous membrane, is caused by Oidium 

 albicans ; it occurs often among children, 

 especially upon the mucous membrane of the 

 mouth, while in adults it can develop only in 

 specially weakened conditions such as those 

 brought about by typhoid fever or phthisis. 

 The torula form may also grow and germinate 

 in the interior of the body. When rabbits are 

 inoculated intravenously, a general mycosis of 

 the internal organs is brought about. In man, 

 a case is recorded by Wagner in which the 

 oidium made its way into an injured vein and 

 from there into the brain, where it gave rise to 

 a fatal mycosis. 



