IMMUNITY. 393 



defective heart action, while on the other hand 

 when the lungs are hypersemic tuberculosis 

 does not occur. According to many statements 

 success has been attained by the use of small 

 doses of quinine and arsenic as prophylactics 

 against malaria. This result has been brought 

 about by stimulating the body cells, so as to 

 increase the defensive powers of the whole 

 organism, a fact that for the sake of complete- 

 ness I have mentioned before on p. 162 in con- 

 nection with the discussion concerning the 

 curative effect of quinine. 



The non-specific actions, however, go even 

 further than this. Rummo, for example, has 

 accustomed white mice to strychnine. The 

 serum of these animals contains no antitoxin ; 

 they have not acquired immunity against snake 

 venom and diphtheria, but they have acquired 

 immunity against tetanus. In this case the 

 modification of the toxic action wrought 

 through the stimulative effect of the strych- 

 nine upon the spinal cord is certain, and the 

 influence of the body cells is strikingly ap- 

 parent. At one time Behring himself pro- 

 duced a certain degree of immunity against 

 anthrax by the use of iodine terchloride. 

 Schutz also has cured with iodine terchloride 

 animals which had sickened with swine ery- 

 sipelas, and has protected healthy animals 



