288 THE MUSCLES. 



muscle forms a kind of wide band or brace on which the tongue rests. "When it 

 contracts, it elevates this organ, or rather applies it against the palate. 



2. Genio-hyoideus. 



Form — Structure — Situation. — A fleshy, elongated, and fusif ormbody, tendinous 

 at its extremities, but especially at the inferior one, and applied, with its fellow 

 of the opposite side, to the mylo-hyoidean brace. 



Attachments. — By its inferior extremity it is fixed to the genial surface — 

 origin ; by its superior, it reaches the free extremity of the anterior appendix of 

 the hyoid body — termination. 



Relations. — Outwards and downwards, with the mylo-hyoideus ; inwards, with 

 its fellow, which is parallel to it ; above, with the genio-glossus. 



Action. — It draws the hyoid bone towards the anterior and inferior part of 

 the intermaxillary space. 



3. Stylo-hyoideus. 



Synonyms. — The hyoideus magnus of Percivall. The kerato-hyoideus magnus of Leyh. 



Fortn — Structure — Situation — Direction. — Thin and fusiform, this muscle, 

 smaller than the preceding, and, like it, tendinous at both its extremities, is 

 situated on the side of the laryngo-pharyngeal apparatus and the guttural pouch, 

 behind the large branch of the hyoid bone, the direction of which it follows. 



Attachments. — Above, to the superior and posterior angle of the styloid bone — 

 Hxed insertion ; below, to the base of the cornu of the os hyoides — movable insertion. 



Relations. — Outwards, with the pterygoideus internus ; inwards, with the 

 guttural pouch, the pharynx, and hypoglossal nerve. Its anterior border is 

 separated from the posterior border of the styloid bone by the glosso-facial artery 

 and glosso-pharyngeal nerve ; along the posterior border lies the upper belly of 

 the digastricus. Its inferior tendon is perforated by a ring for the passage of the 

 cord intermediate to the two portions of the latter muscle. 



Action. — It is antagonistic to the preceding muscle, drawing the body of the 

 hyoid bone backwards and upwards. 



4. Kerato-hyoideus (Hyoideus Parvus). 



(Synonyms. — This is the hyoideus parvus of Percivall, and the small kerato-hyoideus of 

 Leyh.) 



A very small fasciculus, triangular in shape, and flattened on both sides. In- 

 serted, on one side, into the posterior border of the styloid cornu and the inferior 

 extremity of the styloid bone ; and on the other, to the superior border of the 

 thyroid cornu. It responds, outwardly, to the hyo-glossus brevis and the lingual 

 arteiy ; inwardly, to the buccal mucous i:aembrane. 



It approximates the cornua of the os hyoides to each other. 



5. Occipito-styloideus. 



/ST/Monj/iw*.— This is the muscle which, up to tlie present time, has been described by 

 Tcterinary anatomists us the stylo-hyoideus. This name has been given to the muscle named 

 by Girard the kerato-hyoideus magnus. 



A small, flat, and triangular muscle like the preceding, yet thicker and more 

 spread, filling the space comprised between the styloid process of the occipital 



