MUSCLES OF THE ANTERIOR LIMBS. 



317 



mion, and tlic inferior bonier of the S'apuliir spine for tlie whole of its width; below, it is 

 attaciied, through the medium of a tendon, to the deltoid imprint. 



By tiieir disjxisition, the stijirnginiiatus, in/ra-spinatus, and subscapuhiris rcBemble the 

 muscles of Carnivora. The teres mnjor, after establishing relations witii the latissimus dorsi, 

 as in Solipeds, is fixed into the inner lip of the bicipital groove. 



Muscles of the Arm. 



These muscles, grouped around the humenis, are attached to the forearm by 

 their inferior extremities. Tliose situated in front fiex tliis portion of the limb, 

 while those behind extend it. The first form the 

 anterior brachial region; the second, the posterior ti^. 180. 



brachial region. 



A. Anterior Brachial Region. 



This region is composed of only two muscles — the 

 long and short Jiex'om of the forearm. 



I. Long Flexor of the Forearm (Flexor 

 BrachiIjOR Brachial Biceps) (Figs. 128, 159, 181). 



Synonyms. — Coraco-cubitalis, or coraco-radialis, according 

 to Girard. {Scapula- or coraco-radialin — Leyh.) 



Preparation. — Place the limb on its internal face, throw 

 back the brachial insertion of the mastoido-humeralis, pectora- 

 lis auticu8,and pectoralis trausversus, over the external muscles 

 of the forearm ; excise, lengthways, the inferior extremity of 

 the supra-spinatus, to show tlie originating tendon of the muscle. 

 'J'he inferior insertion may be studied with that of the short 

 flexor muscle. 



Form — Situation — Direction — Striicture. — A long, 

 cylindiical muscle, thick in its middle portion, bifid 

 inferiorly, situated in front of the humerus, in an 

 oblique direction downwards and backwards, tendinous 

 at its two extremities, divided by a great number of 

 strong fibrous intei"soctions, one of which, nearly 

 central and much more considerable than the others, 

 is a very resisting cord that traverses the muscle 

 throughout its length, and becomes continuous with 

 the tendons at its extremities. 



Attachments. — This muscle has its origin at the 

 base of the coracoid process by a superior, round, and 



MUSCLES OF ANTERIOR ASPECT 

 OF man's UPPER ARM. 



1, Coracoid process of scapula; 

 2, coraco-ciavicular liga- 

 ment (trapezoid), passing up- 

 ward to clavicle ; 3, coraco- 

 acromial ligament, passing 

 to acromion ; 4, subscapu- 

 laris ; 5, teres major ; 6, 

 coraco-brachialis; 7, biceps; 

 8, upper end of radius ; 9, 

 brachialis anticus ; 10, in- 

 ternal head of triceps. 



thick tendon (Fig. 128, 6) that reaches the bicipital 



groove, on which it is moulded in becoming fibro-cartilaginous, and over which 



it glides by means of a synovial sac, to be inflected backwards and confounded 



with the body of the muscle. Its inferior tendon, extremely short and strong, 



terminates on the superior and internal tuberosity of the radius — the bicipital 



tuberosity — in becoming united to the capsular ligament of the elbow-joint, and 



insinuating itself beneath the internal ligament of tliis articulation. At its 



origin, this tendon gives off a somewhat resisting fibrous band, which is spread 



over the surface of the anterior extensor of the metacarpus, and is confounded 



with the antibrachial aponeurosis. 



Relations. — It covers an adipose cushion, which separates it from the capsule 

 2S 



