428 



THE DIGESTIVE APPARATUS IN MAMMALIA. 



In the Cat, the hairy teutuculse are collected on the upper lip into two long lateral tufts the 

 moustaches; they are very sensitive and movable. 



2. Cheeks. 3. Palate. — The cheeks resemble those of the Pig; the palate that of small 

 Ruminants. The mucous niembrune is often stained by patches of pigment, especially on the 

 palate. (The latter is frequently quite black. The number of ridges on the palate varies from 

 seven to nine. Jacobson's i.aual opens beliind the incisors.) 



4. Tongue. — Tliis is thin and very movable. The papillae on its upper face vary somewhat 

 in the Cat and Dog. In the Cat, the filiform papillae on the anterior two-thirds of the tongue are 

 covered by a very strong horny sheath, the point of which is directed backwards. In the Dog 

 these papillae are less developed, and there are observed, more particularly, a number of composite 

 filiform papillae, the divisions of which are very flexible. There also are found regularly disposed 

 among these, white shining epithelial particles which correspond to small fungiform papillae. 



Fig. 238. 



THE TEETH OF THE PIG. 



1, Upper teeth, table surface ; 2, lower teeth, table surface ; 3, lateral view of the jaws. 



At the base of the tongue of Carnivora, and within the anterior pillars of the soft palate, 

 are two elongated bodies with rounded extremities and a nodulated slippery surface ; these are 

 true amygdnlas, formed by an agglomeration of closed follicles. 



5. Soft Palate. — In the Dog and Cat, the soft palate is very short, and the istlimus of tho 

 fauces wide. Consequently, these creatures breathe easily by the mouth, and expel matters 

 by it from the stomach rhiring vomiting. At its free border, the soft palate shows a small pro- 

 longation, something like the uvula 



6. Teeth. — The tt eth ol the Dog are forty-two in number: twelve incisors, four canine.-;, 

 and twenty-six molars. 



The incimrs, six in each side^ of the jaws, are more developed in the superior than in the 

 inferior maxilla, and are divided, as in the Horse, into centrals, laterals, and corner 

 incisors ; the last are much stronger than the preceding, and these again stronger than the 

 piuceiB. 



