516 TEE DIGESTIVE APPARATUS OF BIRDS. 



provided with a gall-bladder (Fig. 305, 21) attached to the internal face of the 

 right lobe. But the arrangement of the excretory apparatus is not altogether 

 identical with that observed in Mammals which possess this receptacle ; as twO' 

 TDiliary ducts open separately into the intestine towards the extremity of the 

 second branch of the duodenal loop. One proceeding directly from the two 

 lobes of the liver, is the hepatic or choledic dud; the other, the cystic duct, 

 remains independent of the latter, and opens behind it. It carries into the 

 digestive canal the bile accumulated in the gall-bladder, and which arrives there 

 by a particular duct belonging exclusively to the right lobe ; the cystic canal is 

 a branch of this duct (Fig. 305, 22). 



Pancreas (Fig. 305, 23). — In the Gcdlinacce, this gland is very developed, 

 long, and narrow, and is comprised in the duodenal loop or flexure ; at the- 

 extremity next the gizzard it has two principal excretory ducts, which separately 

 pierce the intestinal membranes, a little in front of the hepatic duct. 



Spleen. — This is a small, red-coloured, disc-shaped body, placed to the right 

 of the stomachs, on the limit of the gizzard and succentric ventricle. 



