836 THE NERVES. 



Beneath the Jugular ganglion, but in the upper part of the neck, the pneumo- 

 gastric receives tilaments from the spinal accessory, ganglion of Andersch, sympa- 

 thetic, hypoglossal, and the two first cervical. These different nerves cross each 

 other in a veiy complex manner on the surface of the guttural pouch, the 

 pharynx, and divisions of the carotids, and form the guttural, pharyngeal, and 

 cartoid plexuses. 



Distribution. — The branches furnished by the pneumogastric on its course 

 are : 



Fig. 456. 



tmiGIN OF THE NERVES ARISING FROM THE MF.DCLLA OBLOXGAIA, AND PARTICULARLY THAT OF 

 THE PNEUMOGASTRIC, SPINAL ACCESSORY, HYPOGLOSSAL, AND GLOSSO-PHARYNGEAL. 



a, Medulla oblongata ; 6, pyramids ; c, enlargement simulating the olivary body ; d, lateral posterior 

 fissure; e, fissure limiting, superiorly, the respiratory tract of Ch. Bell; f, corpus restiforme ; 

 g, auditory nerve; h, external oculo-motor; i, trigeminus; j, arcitbrm fibres of the medulla 

 oblongata. 1, Pneumogastric ; 2, spinal accessory, inner root ; 3, glosso-pharyngeal ; 4, spinal 

 accessory, medullary column; 5, in(erior, or anterior, root of the great hypoglossal; 5', its 

 ganglionic root; 6, facial nerve; 7, jugular ganglion; 8, anastomosis of the pneumogastric with 

 the facial ; 9, ramuscule from the external branch of the spinal accessory passing to the pneumo- 

 gastric. (From Toussaint's Thesis on the Anatomie Compare'e du Nerf Pneumogastrique. 

 Lyons: 1869). 



1. Communicating filaments with the superior cervical ganglion, 



2. Pharyngeal branch. 



3. Superior laryngeal nerve. 



4. Communicating filaments ivith the inferior cervical ganglion. 



5. Inferior laryngeal nerve. 



6. Cardiac filaments. 



We will pass in review these collateral divisions before studying the terminal 

 "branches, which are : 



