TEE GENITAL ORGANS OF THE MALE. 981 



cartilagiiiouB saws, of certain r.ther animals, aud wliich apjiear to be related to the decree 

 of sentiitivrness of the female sexual organs " (A. Lavocat). " 



Glands annexed to the genital oryan.s.— Chutin has Btu.iit.l the anal jjlands in the Dog. 

 Tliese are two oval masses about half an inch long, situated on tli..- ssides of th.- icctum, at its 

 teriuiuation. They are covered by a tunic of striped muscular libres, and are formed by acini 

 measuring from -05 mm. to -07 mm. and 10 mm., which are lined by polyhedral cells of UO'.) 

 mm. In the centre of the gland is a small reservoir that communicates by a short and dilatabk^ 

 canal with the definitive excretory duct; this op.ns ou the margin of the anus by an opening 

 partially concealed by a fold of skin. The secretion is br.jwuish and fcetid. 



In the young Dog, the general disposition is the same, the constituent anatomical elements 

 only being a little smaller. 



In the Cat, the disposition of the glands differs but little from what is observed in the Dog. 

 Rodents.— Vaghial sheath.— In the Rabbit, the internal inguinal ring is very elouoiited, 

 and placed horizontally below the inferior face of the pelvis ; the bottom of the scrotal cavity 

 — pyrlform — hangs beneath tlie ischium. 



The cremuster vtusde completely envelops the fibrous tunic ; the dartos is only represented 

 by a few scattered fibres ; the scrotum is covered by long aud fine hairs. 



Tes^/We;!.— These are ellipsoid in shape and rehitively voluminous. Tiiey are lodged some- 

 times in the scrotum, at other times in the abdomen ; in the latter case, they are atlached to 

 the bottom of the scrotal sac by a gubernaculum testis. The seminiferous ducts are very 

 developed, aud easily separated. 



Epididymis— Vas de/erens.—The head of the epididymis is flattened, aud the tail forms a 

 conical and very much detached appendix. The vas deferens is isolated from the vessels of 

 the testicle in the scrotal cavity, so as to form two spermatic cords. When the deferent canals 

 arrive above the bladder, they remain free and without dilatation, and open at difl'eient places 

 in the urctinal canal, beueatii a small valve. 



Vesicula seminalis. — There is only one— the male uterus— mth thin walls, lying on the 

 cervix and part of th.- upper face of the bladder. This vesiculus terminates, posteriorly, by 

 a very short canal placed in the prostate, and opening on the surface of the urethra, above a 

 Talve situated between those which cover the termination of the deferent canals. 



Urethra. — This canal is very dilatable, and has thin walls exclusively membranous in its 

 terminal moiety. It has no erectile enlargement at its extremity. 



Glands. — The prostate of the Rabbit is oblong and voluminous ; it lies across the com- 

 mencement of the urethra, but is prolonged forward in such a manner as to cover the deferent 

 ducts and a great part of the vesicula seminalis. There are two Cowper's glands, which are 

 oval and enveloped in the sphincter of the urethra. 



Penis. — When this organ is relaxed, it has a horizont il direction, parallel to the coccygeal 

 region. Its total length is about 8 inches — 4 for the fixed, and 4 for the free portion. The 

 dorsal border is thin, and the other border has a groove in which is lodged the uretiira. 



The penis is contained in a prepuce or sheath, the outer surface of which is garnished with 

 longer hairs than those on the neighbouring parts ; it is also provided with a retractor muscle, 

 which is fixed around the penis. 



The other muscles that act on the penis are: 1. Two enormous erectores penis. 2. A 

 rudimentary accelerator urinie that seems to disappear towards the extremity of tije or'an. 3. 

 A long, flat muscle, the fibres of which are directed obliquely downwards and bnckwarils, 

 commencing, as they do, on tlie borders of tlie coccyx, and terminating on the sides of the deeper 

 portion of the corpus caveruosum ; in contracting, this muscle draws the peids from the inferior 

 face of the coccygeal vertebrse. 4. A muscle formed of two bellies, attached to the ischiatic 

 arch, and prolonged behind by a tendon which is fixed on the dorsum of the penis. This 

 muscle — which we propose to name the subischio-cavenwus (suberectores penis)— plays aa 

 important part in copulation. We have observed, while injecting the penis, that the organ in 

 a state of erection is vertical ; but this position is unfavourable for .sexual intercourse, and thee 

 it is that the muscle intervenes, for when it contracts it raises the penis towards the abdomen, 

 and renders coition possible. 



Glands annexed to the genital organs. — Below the root of the tail, on each side of the anus 

 and prepuce, are two large shallow cavities lined by white skin, moist and destitute of hair. 

 In the centre of these cavities is a papilla with an opening in its summit; this papilla corre- 

 sponds to the anal gland. 



The anal glands are conical, and formed of two little superposed masses — one brown in 

 colour, the other yellow-tinted. They are constituted by a number of glandular acini, that 

 secrete a fatty unctuous matter. At the bottom of these cavities also open the excretory duct 

 of two other undescribed glands. These are situated deeply on each side of the rectum ; they 



