CIRCULATORY APPARATUS. 10 1 



FOREARM* 



Anterior and posterior radial^ tehiar, median ending in basilic, 

 cephalic or plat, and siibcutaneoiis radial. Into these empty the 

 veins that accompany the corresponding small arteries of the 

 metacarpal and digital regions. 



POSTERIOR CAVA. 



Begins at entrance of pelvis by union of common iliac veins, 

 passes forward and to right, grooves hver, through diaphragm, 

 and ends at the right auricle of heart. 



Branches. 



Phrenic, 3. 



Portal vein. 



Formed by junction of s?nall mesenteric, gi-eat mesenteric and 

 splenic, similar to the same arteries. It begins near the great 

 mesenteric artery, passes through the pancreatic ring, and divides 

 in the great posterior fissure of the liver to enter its structure. 



The right gastro-epiploic vein and gastric enter the cava near 

 the posterior fissure. 



Renal, two, similar to arteries ; left is longer. 



Fig. 14.— GENERAL VIEW OF THE VEINS IN THE HORSE. 



Anterior vena cava; 2, 2, Posterior vena cava; 3, Right pelvi-crural trunk, divided at 

 the ilio-sacral articulation; 4, Left pelvi-crural trunk; 5, Femoral vein; 6, Obturator 

 vein; 7, Sub-sacral vein; 8, Left testicular vein; 9, Posterior abdominal vein; 10, Renal 

 vein; 11, 11, Ascending branches of the asternal vein; 12, Vena azygos, with its inter- 

 costal branches, and in front the sub-dorsal venous branch, 13: 14, CEsophageal vein; 

 15, Dorsal, or dorso-muscular vein; 16, Cervical, or cervico-muscular vein; 17, Verte- 

 bral vein; 18, Right axillary vein, cut at the anterior border of the first rib; 19, Sub- 

 sternal, or internal mammary vein; 20, Left axillary artery; 21, Termination of the 

 left cephalic vein; 22, Left jugular; 23, Right jugular; 24, External maxillary, or 

 glosso-facial vein; 25, Coronary vein; 26, Angular vein of the eye: 27, Sub-zygomatic 

 vein; 28, Posterior auricular vein; 29, Maxillo-muscular vein; 30, Internal metacarpal 

 vein; 31, Median subcutaneous vein; 32, Radial subcutaneous vein; 33, Posterior 

 radial vein; 34, Basilic vein; 35, Plat, or cephalic vein; 36, Coronory venons plexus; 

 37, Digital vein; 38, Internal metatarsal vein; 39, Anterior root of the internal saphena 

 vein; 40, Posterior root of ditto; 41, Internal saphena; 42, Great coronary vein; 

 43, Small mesaraic vein; 44, Different branches of the great mesaraic vein; 45, Trunk 

 of the vena portte in its sub-lumbar portion, lodged in the pancreas: 46, The same in the 

 posterior fissure of the liver; below it is seen entering the substance of the gland, — 

 M, Subscapular hyoideus muscle cut obliquely in the direction of the trachea; p. Cervi- 

 cal panniculus turned down to expose the jugular channel; o, Right auricle of the 

 heart; a. Posterior aorta; G, Section of the right lung; f, Left lobe of the liver behind 

 the section of the diaphragm: r, Right kidney carried up and forward; L, CEsophagus; 

 V, Bladder; s. Rectum; t, Thoracic duct; t', Termination of that duct in the confluent 

 of the jugulars. 



