556 PART III. — THE CLASSIFICATION OF PLANTS. 



formula K3, 03, yl3 + 0, 6^'^^; anthers extrorse ; ovary usually 

 unilocular, with parietal placentation. 



These plants (Xyris, Abolboda) inhabit swamps in tropical or sub-tropical 

 regions. 



Order 2. Commelynacej:. Herbaceous plants; general floral 

 formula KS, 03, ^3 + 3, G—, but the number of stamens varies in 

 the genera ; anthers usually introrse ; ovary usually trilocular. 



These are mostly tropical plants. Species of Commelyna and Tradescantia 

 are cultivated as ornamental plants. 



Cohort 2. Li Males. Perianth homochlamydeous, usually 

 petaloid ; seeds with endosperm ; general floral formula KS, 03, 

 ^3 + 3, (?'!'. 



Order I. Liliace^. The flowers conform generally to the 



above formula, but 3 is replaced sometimes by 2 or 4 : they are 



not zygomorphic : endosperm oily ; fruit a capsule or a berry. 



Mostly rhizomatous or bulbous plants : 



rarely trees or shrubs. 



Sub-order 1. Lilioide^, with a loculicidal cap- 

 sule, introrse anthers, and united styles. Bulbous 

 plauts. 



Tbe family TuHpece includes the following 



genera : Lilium, Fritillaria, Tulipa, Erythronium, 



Lloydia, Calochortus (with septicidal capsule). 



Fig. 362 — Flower of the Many species are cultivated. Lilium caiuiidum 



Hyacinth: aaa the three is the white Lily ; L. 6uZfe?/erMm, producing bulbils 



outer; a the three inner in the axils of the upper leaves; L. Mart«gmi, 



segments of the perianth, the Turk's Cap Lily ; L. ^t£>rmum, the Tiger Lily ; 



which is tubular at the lower t- • ^ . t-, •^■.. • • • .- 



, ^ ^ L. speciosum,aiiratum, etc. Fntillaria impenaUs 



is the Crown Imperial, the flowers of which are 



surmounted by a crown of leaves. Tulipa Gesneriana is tbe Tulip. Krytliron- 



ium Dens-Canis is the Dog-Tooth Violet. Calochortus is the Mariposa Lily of 



California. The following occur wild in Britain: Lilium Martagon; Tulipa 



sylvestria, wild Yellow Tulip ; Fritillaria Meleagris, the Snake's Head ; Lloydia 



serotina. 



The Scillc.ce includes the following genera amongst others : Galtonia, 

 Hyacinthus, Muscari, Chionodoxa, Lachenalia, etc., in which tbe seg- 

 ments of the perianth cohere more or less (Fig. 362); Scilla, Camassia, 

 Ornithogalum, etc., with free perianth-leaves. The following occur wild in 

 Britain : Hyacinthus non-script us, the Blue Bell ; Muscari racemusuin, the 

 Grape-Hyacinth; Scilla verna &nd autunmalis ; Ornithogalum nutans, the Star 

 of Bethlehem. 



Sub-order 2. Melanthioide^ or Colchicoide.e, with a usually septicidal 



