DICOTYLEDONES : POLYPETAL^ : THALAMIFLOR.E. 605 



wild Turnip, with bright green hispid leaves and flat corymbs of flowers, among 

 the cultivated varieties of which is the var. depressa, the Turnip : Napus, the 

 wild Kape, with glabrous glaucous leaves and long racemes of flowers, several 

 varieties of which are cultivated for their oily seeds, and one (var. esculenta, 

 the Teltow Turnip) for its fleshy root : Napobrassica, the Turnip-cabbage, 

 including Butahaga, the Swedish Turnip. B. campestris oleifera is the true 

 Colza or Coleseed, from the seeds of which colza-oil is obtained. BrasHca 

 (Sinapis) nigra and alha are the black and white Mustard. Brasnca Sinapis 

 {Sinapis arvensis) is the Charlock or Corn-Mustard. To this tribe belongs also 

 the genus Diplotaxis. 



Sub-order 2. Siliculosje. Fruit a silicula. 



A. Ladsepta. The dissepiment is iu the longest diameter of the silicula. 

 Tribe 4. Alyssiuea. Q "• Gochlearia officinalis is the Scurvy-grass; C. 



Armoracia, the Horse-radish, has a thickened root. Alyssuni calycinum and 

 Draha (Erophila) verna, the Whitlow-grass (Fig. 407 E), are common weeds: 

 Lunaria biennis is Honesty. 



Tribe 5. Camelinece. Q) W . To this tribe belong Camelina (Gold-of- pleasure), 

 and Subularia, the Awl-wort, an aquatic plant. 



B. Angustisepfce. The dissepiment is in the shortest diameter of the silicula. 

 Tiibe 6. Lepidinece. Q " • Capsella Bursa Pastoi'is, the Shepherd's Purse, 



is common, as also various species of Senebiera and Lepidium (Cresses). 



Tribe 7. Thlispideoe. Q —' Various species of Thlaspi, the Penny-Cress, 

 are common. To this tribe belong also the British genera Iberis (Candytuft), 

 Tee«dalia, andHutchinsia. 



Sub-order 3. Nucumentace.e. Silicula indehiscent, few-seeded. 



Tribe 8. Isatidea. Isatis tinctoria, the Woad, has compressed, pendulous, 

 unilocular, one-seeded fruits (Fig. 407 F) : the leaves yield a blue dye. 



Sub-o'der 4. Lomextace-i:. Fruit a siliqua or silicula, constricted into one- 

 seeded segments (lomentaceous) (Fig. 407 G). 



Tribe 9. Cakilinece. Silicula two-jointed. 

 This tribe contains the genera Cakile, the Sea- 

 Rocket, and Crambe, the Sea-Kale. 



Tribe 10. liaphanecc. Silicula more or less 

 moniliform. Raphanux sativus is the Radish ; 

 R. Raphanistruin, the Wild Radish or White 

 Charlock, is a common weed. 



Order 4. CAPPARiDACEiG. Flower iso- 

 bi lateral ; formula K2 + 2, (7x4, A2 + 

 2^ or X , (3"^ or x : stamens 4 or more, 

 when 6 very rarely tetradynamous : 

 gynaeceum borne on a special prolono^a- ^'®* 408.— Flower of Capparis 



,' c iv • / 1 .rx-\ spinosa (nat. size) :« pedicel ; fc 



tion of the axis (gynophore, p. 49o) ealyx; c corolla; a stamens; / 



(Fig. 408 t). Fruit a siliqua or a berry. KynKceum on (0 gynophore. 



The flower-buds of Capparis spinosa from the South of Europe are known as 

 Capers. 



