h 



DICOTYLEDO^ES : POLYPETALJ] : CALYCIFLORiE. 635 



true Service-Tree, and P. tormhialis, the Wild Service-Tree : the sub-genus 

 Aria, includes P. Aria, the White Beam. The genus Amelanchier includes 

 the European A. vuhjaris, and A. canadensu, the June Berry. The genera 

 Raphiolepis and Photinia (incl. Eriobotrya, the Loquat), include well-known 

 cultivated flowering shrubs. 



There are two other tribes of exotic RosaceaB, the Quillaieag, ani the Chryso- 

 balaneffi, concerning which it is impossible to go into detail ; in the latter the 

 gynjeceum, which is raonomerous as in the Prunese, is peculiar in that the 

 style is gynobasic ; and in some of the genera (Hirtellinae), the flower is 

 irregular and zygomorphic. 



Order 2. Leguminosj;. Flov^^ers usually dorsiventral, perigy- 

 nous, pentamerous, with calyx and corolla : stamens ten or more : 

 ovary of a single anterior carpel ; ovules borne on the ventral 

 suture: frait a legume or a lomentum: flowers always lateral: 

 leaves nearly always compound. 



The Leguminosae, more particularly the Papilionese, are remarkable physi- 

 ologically by the presence of tubercles on their roots, caused by the attack of a 

 Fungus, and by their extraordinary faculty of flourishing in soils poor in com- 

 bined nitrogen : these two facts are un- 

 doubtedly correlated, but the exact nature , P^ 

 of the correlation is still a matter of dis- ' ~^vV 

 cussion (see Part IV.). ;ir VlVL— v? /I 



Sub-order 1. Papilione;e. Flowers dorsi- j /^':^^^^^^m 



ventral, papilionaceous (Fig. 327 A^. The 1/''"**^^^^^^^ 



five sepals, the odd one being anterior, are ^ 



usually connate, forming a tube above the j a,t, /HpT'^ 



insertion of the corolla and the androecium : > g. ■_/j -<^W^^ 



the five lobes are usually unequal and f^ir i "^^ 



sometimes form two lips, the lower of three t-. .«,r x^i <• r x 



^ ' Fig. t36.— Flower of Lotus cornicw- 



and the upper of two teeth : petals five, i^^^^ ( somewhat mag.). A With one 



alternate with the sepals, imbricate so that ala removed ; k calyx ; /a vexillum ; 



tbe anterior petals are overlapped by those ;lala; s carina. B With the corolla 



behind them ; tbe posterior petal is much removed ; rtuhe formed by the nine 



, , , . n J i.1 -Ti /T^- stameng; a, the free stamen; a an- 



enlarged, and is called the vexillum (Fig. 



^ ^ ° ther ; H stigma. 



435 A fa) ; the two lateral petals, which 



are much smaller, are termed the alte (Fig 435 A, fi)\ the two anterior petals 

 are connate or sometimes simply apposed, and form a hollow boat-shaped body, 

 the keel, or carina (Fig. 435 A.ti). In a few cases the corolla is entirely or 

 partially suppressed ; thus in Amorpha, only the vexillum is present. The ten 

 stamens belong to a single whorl, with direct diplostemony ; they are either 

 connate and monadelphous, forming a tube, or tbe posterior stamen may be free, 

 so that the tube consists of nine etamens, and is incomplete posteriorly (Fig. 435 

 7?), in which case the androecium is diadelphous (9-1) ; rarely the stamens are 

 all free; they mostly curve upwards, and diminish in length from in front back- 

 wards. The ovary, enclosed by the staminal tube, consists of a sohtary anterior 

 carpel ; it is often divided into chambers by a spurious longitudinal septum, or 



