DICOTYLEDONES: GAMOPETAL^. 



645 



has an obliquely campanulate (digitaliform) corolla ; stamens 4 : D. purpurea 

 is common in woods; the yellow I), grandijlora is cultivated. Scrophularia 

 has a globose corolla; S. nodosa (Figwort) and S. aquatica are common. 

 Veronica, the Speedwell, has only the 2 postero -lateral stamens, and the two 

 lobes of the upper lip of the (rotate) corolla are united ; the posterior lobe of 

 the calyx is suppressed (Figs. 444 B, 445 C) : V. Anagallis and V. Beccahunga 

 are common in ditches ; V. arvendi, agrestis, serpyllifoUa, CJianuedrys, and 

 others in pastures and fields. Sibthorpia has a sub-rotate 5-8-fid corolla, 

 and four stamens ; S. europcea is the Cornish Moneywort. 



Pedicularis, the Lousewort, has a 5-toothed calyx, and the upper lip of the 

 corolla is galeate : Euphrasia, the Eyebright, has a 4-toothed calyx, the upper 

 lip of the corolla has two spreading or reflexed lobes : Bartsia has a 4-toothed 

 calyx, upper lip of the ringent corolla entire or only notched : Khinanthus, the 



FlO. 445.— Flowers of Scrophulariaceae. A Antirrhinum : fc calj'x ; r tube of the personate 

 corolla, gibbous at the ba8e(/i); o upper, w under lip of the corolla; g prominence palate) 

 of the under lip. B Upper lip of the same, seen from within : s the two longer anterior 

 stamens ; «' the short lateral ones ; st rudimentary posterior one. C Flower of "Veronica : 

 fc calyx ; u u u the three lobes of the lower lip of the rotate corolla : o the upper lip ; s » the 

 two stamens ; n stigma. 



Rattle, has a four-toothed inflated calyx: Melampyrum, the Cow-Wheat, has a 

 4-toothed tubular calyx, and the capsule is few- seeded : all these plants possess 

 chlorophyll, but they are more or less parasitic upon the roots of other plants. 



Order 2. Plantaginacej:. Flowers regular, isobilateral, and 

 apparently tetramerous, but the true interpretation of them is de- 

 duced from those of Veronica (Figs. 444 B and 446) : the posterior 

 sepal is suppressed, as also the posterior stamen ; the two posterior 

 petals cohere to form an upper lip which is quite similar to one of 

 the lobes of the three-lobed lower lip (Fig. 445 C) : stamens four, 

 the two anterior not being suppressed : ovary dimerous, bilocular, 

 or sometimes unilocular or spuriously 4-locular : ovules solitary 

 and basal, or numerous : fruit a capsule with transverse dehis- 

 cence, or a nutlet : seed with endosperm. 



