DICOTYLEDOXES : GAMOPETALJ:. 



659 



limb which persists on the top of the fruit ; S. arvemis, the Field Madder, is 

 found in cultivated and waste places. 



Sub-order 2. CoFFEEiE. Stipules scaly : loculi 1-seeded. 



Coffea arabica, the Coffee-tree of Africa, is grown in the tropics ; the fruit, a 

 berry, contains one or two seeds ; the so-called coffee-bean is the seed, which 

 consists of hard endosperm and contains a small embryo. Cephaelis yields 

 Ipecachuana. 



Sub-order 3. CixcHONEiE. Stipules scaly ; loculi many-seeded. 



Varioiis species of Cinchona, indigenous to the eastern slopes of the Andes, 

 but cultivated in Java and the East Indies, yield the cinchona bark from which 

 Quinine is prepared. Bouvardias are ornamental greenhouse plants from 

 Central America. 



Order 2. Caprifoliace^e. Flowers usually pentamerous, actino- 

 morphic or zygoraorphic : corolla usually with imbricate eestiva- 

 tion ; gynseceam 2-5-nierous : ovules suspended : fruit baccate ; 

 seed with endosperm : leaves opposite, usually exstipulate. 

 Mostly trees or shrubs. 



Fig. 480.— Floral diagram of 

 Caprifoliacefe. A Leycesteria : 

 a gynaeceum of Lonicera ; b of 

 Symphoricarpus. 



Fig. 461.— Flower of LoniceroCapn/o/ium: /ovary ; fc calyx; r corolla-tube; c c the Ave 

 lobes of the limb ; at stamens ; g style ; n stigma. 



Tribe 1. Sambuceo!. Flower regular, sometimes completely actinomorphic, 

 corolla rotate (Fig. 329 C) : one ovule in each loculus. 



Sambucus has a 5-partite corolla, and 3-5 seeds in the berry; S. nigra is the 

 Elder ; S. Ebuliis is the Dwarf Elder or Danewort. Viburnum has a 5-partite 

 corolla, and one seed in th^ trimerous berry, two carpels bein?; abortive ; V. 

 Lantana and V. Opulns, the Guelder Rose, are common ; a form of the last 

 species is cultivated in which all the flowers (and not merely those at the 

 circumference of the corymb as in the original species) have a large corolla, and 

 are barren ; ^^ Tinm is the Laurustinus. Adoxa moschntellina, the Moschatel, is a 

 small plant occurring in damp woods ; its flowers are 4- or 5-merous ; it appears 



