SPIDERS 



LYCOSID^ 



The members of this family are to be found 

 running freely over the ground, and carrying the 

 egg-sac attached to the spinners. Many of the 

 larger species make a short burrow in the soil and 

 there keep guard over the egg-sac. Eyes and 

 tarsal claws as in the Pisaurida, with slight 

 differences. 



2 I . Lycosa terricok (Thorell). 



Durham ; Upper Teesdale (J. E. H.). 

 Fairly plentiful under stones in spring and 

 autumn. The female frequently excavates a re- 

 treat for herself and her egg-cocoon in the soft 

 earth. Known also under Trochosa and as Lycosa 

 agretyca, Blackwall. 



2 2. Lycosa pulverulenta (Clerck). 



Durham, Widdy Bank Fell Q. E. H.). 

 Common everywhere, running in the sunshine 

 in grassy places. Adult in June. Known also 

 under Tarentuk and as Lycosa rapax, Blackwall. 



23. Lycosa accentuata, Latreille. 



Ryhope (J. E. H.). 

 A few taken in June at the roots of furze at the 

 top of the cliff. Adult in June. Known also 

 under Tarentuk and as Lycosa andrenivora. Black- 

 wall. 



24. Pardosa agricok (Thorell). 



Harperley, Wolsingham (J. E. H.). 

 Adult in June and common on sandy and 



pebbly stretches by the river. Known also under 

 Lycosa and as Lycosa fluriat'dls, Blackwall. 



25. Pardosa lugubris (Walckcnacr). 



Durham ; Wolsingham (J. E. H.). 

 Adult in May and June and common in woods. 

 Known also under Lycosa. 



26. Pardosa pulkta (Clerck). 



Durham ; Upper Teesdale (J. E. H.). 

 Adult in May and June. Abundant on Widdy 

 Bank Fell on the banks of the streams. Known 

 also under Lycosa and as Lycosa obscura, Blackwall. 



27. Pardosa nigricfps (Thorell). 



Durham ; Upper Teesdale ; Wolsingham. 

 Common ; adult in the summer ; sometimes 

 ascends into shrubs ; especially furze. Known also 

 under Lycosa and as Lycosa congener, O. P. -Cam- 

 bridge. 



28. Pirata hygrophiks, Thorell. 



Durham (J. E. H.). 

 Adult in early summer, and common in boggy 

 and marshy places. Known also as Lycosa pisca- 

 toria, Blackwall. 



29. Pirata piraticus (Clerck). 



Durham, Upper Teesdale (J. E. H.). 

 Adult in June and abundant on the southern 

 side of Widdy Bank Fell. Known also under 

 Lycosa. 



AGELENIDiE 



Spiders with eight eyes, situated in two trans- 

 verse rows. Legs with three tarsal claws. The 

 species of this family spin a large sheet-like web, 

 and construct a tubular retreat at the back of it, 

 which leads to some crevice amongst the rocks, 

 the roots of herbage, or the chinks in the walls of 

 outhouses, wherever the various species may happen 

 to be found. The posterior pair of spinners is 

 usually much longer than the other two pairs. 



30. Cryphceca silvicok (C. L. Koch). 

 Teesdale (J. E. H.). 



Common in the hill districts, in the fell walls 

 and beaten from furze. Known also as Tegenaria 

 sylvicok, Blackwall. 



3 1 . Cryphceca d'wersa, O. P. -Cambridge. 

 Durham, Pelaw Wood Q. E. H.). 



Very rare. An immature female was taken 

 under a stone in the spring of 1893. 



32. Ccxhtes atropos (yfi\c]/icn!icx). 



Durham ; Teesdale ; Wolsingham (J. E. H.). 

 Very common under stones on the fells and in 

 woods all the year round. Adult males arc most 

 frequently met with in the spring ; for the rest of the 

 year adult females are perhaps ten times as numerous 

 as the males. A large spider and swift in its move- 

 ments. Known also as Caelotes saxatilis, Blackwall. 



32a. Argyronela aquat'ica, Latreille. 

 Durham. 

 In ponds and ditches, in the neighbourhood of 

 the city. Not rare. (O. P.-Cambridge, 1856.) 



33. Tegenaria atrica (C. L. Koch). 

 Winlaton 0. E. H). 



A very large spider with long hairy legs, found 

 in cellars and outhouses as well as in holes in 

 banks or on sand-dunes. Two examples only are 

 recorded from this county. 



34. Textrix dent'tcukta (Olivier). 



Durham Q. E. H.). 

 Common in inhabited houses and greenhouses, 

 also under stones. It constructs a fine web of the 

 form typical of the family, a strongly woven 

 horizontal snare narrowed at one corner into a 

 tubular retreat. A spider of graceful form and 

 exceedingly rapid movements. Adult in summer. 

 Known also as Textrix lycosina, Blackwall. 



35. Cicurina cinerea (Panzer). 



Durham, Kepier Wood (J. E. H.). 

 An immature female was taken under a stone in 

 May, 1895 ; and a small colony was found in a 

 disused quarry in Holywell Dene, of which some 

 of the females were adult, but no adult males. 

 Known also under Tegenaria. 



36. Antistea ekgans (Blackwall). 



Durham, Pelaw Wood (J. E. H.). 

 Immature examples of both sexes were taken in 

 a boggy place, but apparently not a common 

 species. Known also as Agelena ekgans, Blackwall, 

 and under Hahnia. 



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