A HISTORY OF DURHAM 



The family NotodelphyiJs, in which the egg-pouch of the female forms a strange dorsal 

 protuberance, furnishes Notodelphys cerulcea, Thorcll, ' in Ascidia parallelogramma^ oflF Haw- 

 thorn * ; T^ . »gi/is, Thorcll, in Ascitiiaiis taken off the coast of Durham, at depths of 

 20—30 fathoms. The family Doropygida?, with a like peculiarity, contains Doropygus pulex^ 

 Thorcll, of which many immature specimens have been found in Ascidians dredged off the 

 coast of Durham ; D. porcicauda, Brady, found in Ascidia paraUelogramma dredged from 

 27 fathoms off Hawthorn. The family Ascidicolida;, which is extended by some authors to 

 embrace a large assortment of families similar in their habits, in a restricted sense contains 

 Aicidicola roseii, Thorell, from Ascidians dredged off the Durham coast, this species (as noted 

 by Mr. Eugene Canu) sometimes occurring in great abundance actually in the stomach of a 

 large Aicidiella^ a position one might suppose more suited for their sepulchre than their living- 

 room. 



The great group of the Arpacticoida or family Arpacticidx in the large sense has been vari- 

 ously divided into subfamilies or restricted families. As these are at present more or less in an 

 evolutionary or revolutionary condition, it will be convenient to mention the following species 

 simply as members of the higher assemblage. Longipcdia coronata, Claus, is reported as taken by 

 Brady ' abundantly on a sandy bottom off Scaton Carew (Durham), four fathoms ; off Marsden, 

 Sunderland, and Seaham, twenty to thirty fathoms';^ Ectinosoma 5/i/V;//i('j, Brady, with the 

 preceding at various points, but not so abundant ; E, erythrops, Brady, dredged in 5— 

 30 fathoms off the coast of South Durham ; Zodme typica, Boeck (the identity of which is some- 

 what doubted by Brady himself), off Hartlepool on sand in 25 fathoms ; Tac/jidius brevicornis 

 (O. F. Moller), in brackish marsh pools, Hylton Dene and Hartlepool ; Rohertsonia tenuis 

 (Brady and Robertson), off Hawthorn on sand at 27 fathoms, and off Seaham amongst mud 

 10 fathoms deeper; Amymone spheerica^ Claus, which in spite of its spherical surname has 

 the ' body m.uch compressed,' entered as taken 4 miles off Marsden among rough sand, is 

 corrected in 1903 to A. rubra, Boeck,* and in the same year has its pre-occupied generic name 

 altered to TegasUs by Norman ; * T. longimanus (Claus), off Hawthorn in 27 fathoms depth, 

 the creature itself a fiftieth of an inch in length ; Stenhelia hispida, Brady, off Hartlepool in 

 5 and off Marsden in 30 fathoms; S. ima, Brady, in 10-35 fathoms off Marsden ; S. 

 iherdmani, A. Scott, from ' Laminaria roots at Holy Island'; ^ Ameira longipes, Boeck, in 25- 

 45 fathoms off Sunderland and Seaham ; Jonesiella spinulosa (Brady and Robertson), which, it 

 appears, must yield precedence to the earlier named Danielssenia typica, Boeck,^ ' dredged off 

 Hartlepool on a sandy bottom ; and in a depth of thirty-seven fathoms sixteen miles off 

 Hawthorn (Durham) on a muddy bottom ' ; Ddavalia reflexa, Brady and Robertson, 5 miles 

 off Hartlepool on sand ; D. rohusta, Brady and Robertson, in depths of 25-35 fathoms in 

 several places off the coast of Durham ; Canthocampus minutus (O. F. Moller), of which the 

 generic name is commonly but wrongly given as Canthocamptus, and of which as a species 

 Brady says that it prefers shallow pools in which vegetation is abundant, its colouring varying, 

 'with the character of the plants and infusoria on which it probably feeds,' adding, 'the only 

 considerable pieces of water in which I have found it are the lake in Axwell Park near Gates- 

 head, and Holy Island Lough (Northumberland) ; but both these are really, as to size and 

 character of vegetation, big ponds rather than lakes'; C. /la/tti^r/j, Brady, a brackish-water 

 species (N. in litt.) ; Attheyella spinosa, Brady, of which the first specimens ' were found in 

 an old engine-pond at Murton Junction, near Sunderland ' ; A. crassa, Sars (N. in litt.) ; 

 A. pygmaea, Sars (N. in litt.) ; Laophonte simi/is, Claus, ' between tide-marks at Sunderland ' ; 

 L. longicaudaia, Boeck, dredged off ' Hartlepool ; Seaham, 20-30 fathoms ; Hawthorn, 

 27 fathoms ' ; L. lamellifera (Claus), ' on Laminariie and on muddy rocks near Sunderland ' ; 

 L. hispida (Brady and Robertson), 4-1 fathoms off Durham coast ; Normanella duhia (Brady 

 and Robertson), 10—30 fathoms off Marsden and Hartlepool ; Cletodes Umicola, Brady, in 20- 

 24 fathoms off coast of Durham ; C. longicaudatus, Brady and Robertson, in 5 fathoms off 

 Hartlepool ; C. propinquus, Brady and Robertson, in 35 fathoms off Marsden ; Dactylopusia 

 tisboides (Claus), from ' Durham coast, amongst Laminaria,' the older generic name Dactylopus 



1 Les Copipodes du Boulonnais, p. 209 (1902). 



' The references from this point are to the Monograph of Brit. Copepoda, vol. ii., Ray See. (1880). 



» Brady, Nat. Hist. Trans. Northumb. etc., new ser. i. 3. 



♦ Ann. Nat. Hist., ser. 7, xi. 368. 



' Brady, Nat. Hist. Trans. Northumb. etc., new ser. i. 3. 



* Sars, Ckdocera, Copepoda, and Ostracoda of the Jana Expedition, p. 20. St, Petersburg. 



165 



