Ch. XIII] 



THE DICOTYLEDONS 



545 



and Cockscomb of gardens with their highly colored clusters 

 of flowers with bracts, the Four-o'-Clock, with calyx special- 

 ized like an attractive corolla, the 

 Mesembryanthemum, a leaf suc- 

 culent (Fig. 44), with sepals cut 

 to simulate the rays of an Aster, 

 and the Beet, a good vegetable. 



Fig. 387.— A fruit of Myzo- 

 dendron brachystachyum ; X f. 



The feathery appendages aid 

 in dissemination by wind, and 

 twine thigmotropically around 

 the branch with which they 

 come into contact. (From 

 Warming.) 



Order 12. Caryophyllales 

 (Centrosperm.e) : the Pinks and 

 kin. Some 1500 species, chiefly 

 herbs of temperate regions, having 

 flowers clearly related, especially 

 as to ovaries and seeds, with the 

 preceding orders, but fully differ- 

 entiated into showy corolla and 

 large calyx, each of five parts, thus 

 giving a transition to the differ- 

 entiated insect-pollinated series 

 which follows. Here come some of our garden favorites, 

 the Carnation and Pinks, with Sweet William and Lychnis, 

 and also some garden weeds, Chickweed and Corn Cockle. 



Some forms exhibit a compact 

 polster growth in alpine and 

 arctic regions (Fig. 390). Closely 

 related is the Purslane. 



Series B. The Differentiated 

 Dicotyledons. 



(Poly petal® or Dialy petal©.) 



In these orders the cluster 

 becomes subordinate to the indi- 

 vidual flower, which has attained 

 a definite differentiation into four 

 Fig 388. — The flower of wn0 rls, typically of five members 



Aristolochia labiosa; X \. 



(From Kemer.) each, with usually a marked con- 



2n 



