Mulus 



S. Canadknsis, Nutt, 



UllTlCACEyE. 



63 



nd insipid liiut lango.s li .i„ ti.e U.luinl.ia JJiver across tl.c cntineiit, aii.l in tl.c Itockv Monn 

 auis southwanl to New M.-xL-o. It may W lonn.l i„ tl.o inonntains o N r il , -fie o V 



OiiDEii LXXXIV. URTICACE^. 



Ilorbs (our species), ^vitll watery juice and tliin tou-1. llbrous bark, petioled 

 stipulate leaves, and often armed witli stinging l.airs; llowers monoecious or dioe- 

 cious, usually green, the perianth 3 - 5-parted or -lobed, with as many stamens 

 opposite tlie lobes, filaments intlexed in the bud and straightening elastically ; 

 ovary simple, free, ovoid, with an erect orthotropous ovule, becoming an akene or 

 drupe in fruit; style or stigma simple, the latter often tufted; seed albuminous, 

 with straight axile eml)ryo and superior radicle. Flowers usually in racemcd or 

 jianicled cymes, with small persistent bracts. 



hoiVri^ "" V''^"'*'^ or subtropical onler, of ovor 40 gonora an.l 400 species, tl.e following genem 

 heing the only ones that are largely represented in temperate regio/is. The value of the ord T- 

 lies in the great toughness of the corti.-al fibre, which in the Heinie or China Grass (BcehZria 

 nii^_r.) ,s also remarkably whte an.l silky. The following onlers, which appear to ha^e lo 

 nidigenous representatives in the California., flora, are by some authorities considered as subordera 



The CANNAnACE^ which include the Hemp {Cannabis sativa, Linn.) and Hop (Ilitmulm 

 Lnwhu^, I inn.), are distinguished by the fertile calyx of a single scale-like sepal, 2 stvlo.s a pen 

 d.i ous seed without albumen, and the embryo hooked or coiled. Hemp is an erect tall annual 

 with digitate leaves, a native of Asia an.l foun.l elsewhere fre.piently as an escape from cultiva- 

 tion. Ihe Hop, a twining herbaceous perennial with palmatcly lobed leaves, a native of K uroiK; 

 K i Ar.'^;'"' T, r^^''"-^17'y cultivated, IS in.li^cnous in the mountains from British America to 

 ^ew JNle.xico, but has not been found in California. 



The Ur.MACE.E and Cf.i.tidacic.e include trees or shrubs with fugacious stipules, straight fila- 



vin". 1 JJ, f Vf X'^'Tti''''^ i '^'' ^"''"li'' ''^^■"'" ^'''^''' "°"'''-«- extrorse anthefs and a 

 V, ng.-.lorciested fnut ; the latter polygamous flowers, introrse anthei-s, and the fruit a drune 

 The [/maccre are repre.scnted in America by the Elms and I'lanera, which are confined to he 

 A antic States; the Ccnidacc^ by several species of the genus CW^/..o'r Hackberry, "m of wh h 

 approach the borders of the State. - C. iiKTicrLATA, Torrey. Somewhat pubei cent with short 

 spreading hairs ; leaves t hick, v..ry rough and strongly reticulated, 2 to 4 imdies long, obliquely 

 ovate, cordate at base and shortly acuminate, sharply serrate or .sometimes partially entire • fruit 

 3 lines or more in d.aineter, on slend.'r pedb^els 5 to 7 lines long. Of New Me.xiJo and Texas 

 Oregon {C.no^nJlas^l, Planch.), and apparently also f.-om the Cer.os Islan.ls of Louer California' 

 ^M.-C. BUEvn-KS, Watson. Slightly pubescent; leaves rather thin, minutely scabrou; 

 above prominently reticulated beneath, 12 to 18 lines long, obli.piely ovate-oblong. acuminate 

 rounde. or shortly cuneate at ba.se, entire; fruit nearly 3 lines long, on .slen.ler pedicels 2 line; 

 long, about equalling the very slender petinl.ig. iNear Camp Gnmt, S. K. Ari/mia Dr J T 

 Rothrock (n. 360 on Lieut. Wheeler's E.xpedition, 1874; described as a tree 20 fee't hi-h and 

 18 inches in diameter, with light-colored l.ark. —Another form, referre.l to C. o<rirfrnfal% var 

 pmni/a, in iJot. lung L.xp. 321, but probably distinct, laiiges from Idaho to E. Nevada and s' 

 Utah. 



The IMoiiArE.E are another closely allied order of trees or shrubs, with milkv juice fu^raeious 

 s ij.u les, minute monrecious or dicecious flowers in clo.se sjukes or heads or often on an onen or 

 closed receptacle, becoming fl.-shy in fruit. To this ve.y impo.tant onl.-r beloii" the Fi<T (Ficu.i) 

 whi.d, inclu.Ies the Haiiyau an.l many In,lia-rubb,,.r tics, the Poison V^.,^ (.In fin, -is (m-iraria), 

 the Mulberry (Moriifi), the Pajier iMulheny {/imnssonrfh papi/nYcm), the O.sage Oi-anfre O'^facliira 

 aurantmca), the Bieailfriiit, and niimeioiis otiiers yielding various useful products Scarcely 

 ha fa dozen sp..cies are natives of North America; only the following appio.aches the borders of 

 Sf rr-'-u~i^^'"'''' ^'''-''^''''^'L'-'^- 15'>'kley, Proc. Aca.l. Philad. 1862. 8. A small tree 15 to 

 20 leet high ; leaves more or less pubescent, at length scabrous, ovate, often somewhat cordate at 

 base, acuminate, serrate, sometimes lobe.l. usually an inch or two long; staminate aments less 

 than half an inch long; fruit .small, black and sour. Frequent in Texas and ranTinc west to 

 Pi-cscott, Arizona, I'ahncr. ° *' 



