y^ PlPEliACEJ':. Antinujjsis. 



adnate to the ovary at base. Ovary sunk in the rhachis of the spike, 1-celleel, of 3 

 or 4 carpels, with as many spreading sligmas and parietal 4-10-ovulate placentae. 

 Capsule dehiscent at the top. Seeds rounded, punctulate. — fStoloniferous saline 

 herbs, with a thick strongly pungent astringent and aromatic rootstock ; leaves 

 mostly radical, rather thick, minutely punctate. — Anemia, Kutt. 



Only tlie following species ; nearly allied to HoiMujuia (of 1 or 2 species) of E. Asia. 



1. A. Californica, Hook. More or less floccose : stems i to 1^ feet high, with 

 a broadly ovate ciaiiping leaf above the middle and a fascicle of 1 to 3 small i)eti- 

 oled leaves in the axil : radical leaves elli[)tic-oblong, rounded above, more or less 

 narrowed toward the cordate base, 2 to 6 inches long, somewhat ciliate; petioles 

 about ecjualling or shorter than the blade, dilated autl sheathing at the very base : 

 bracts of tlio involucre white, oblong, unetpial, G to 15 lines long: sjjike \ to \\ 

 inches long : lloral bracts white, rounded or obh)ng, unguicidate, 2 or 3 lines long : 

 ovules G to 10 on (,'ach placenta. — Ann. Nat. Hist. i. 1 3G ; Hook. ^ Am. liot. 

 Beechey, 390, t. 92 ; Hook. L>ot. Mag. t. 5292 ; C. DC. Prodr. xviS 237 ; Watson, 

 l]ot. King Exp. 420. 



In moist saline localities, from the Sacramento to Southern California, and eastward to S. 

 Utah and the Rio Grande ; Noithcrn Mexico. Connnon near the southern coast, and nnuh used 

 for medicinal purjioses by the Indians and Mexicans. A second species (J. jHilniitlni, (J. ]>('., 

 binnaaa, xxxvii. 333) is described as smooth, with jjctioles elongated (8 inches long) and sheathing 

 for a third of their length ; veiidets 10 to 12 on each side of the midrib ; ovules about 4 on each 

 placenta. It is reported as collected by Bolander in California, but is known only from the de- 

 scription and is probably not distinct. 



Order XC. CERATOPHYLLACEiE. 



Perennial aquatic submerged herbs, with cylindric jointed stems and branches, 

 verticillate sessile lilifurmly 2 - 3-chotomous leaves without stijjules, and monoe- 

 cious axillary sessile flowers, without perianth, but surrounded by a persistent 

 8-12-cleft involucre; anthers inunerous, se-ssile, fleshy, 2- 3-cusi)idate at toj) ; 

 ovary solitary, 1 -celled, with a pendulous orthotropous ovule; akene beaked by the 

 slender persistent style, and usually with lateral spines or margined ; seed with 

 membranous transparent testa and no albumen ; radicle inferior, very short, the coty- 

 ledons thick and oval, and the highly dev(doped ])lumule consisting of several 

 nodes and leaves. — A single genus of few species (perhaps forms of one), widely 

 distributed around the globe. 



1. CERATOPHYLLUM, Liiui. Huunwout. 



Characters as of the order. 



1. C. demersum, Linn. Stems very slender, a foot or two long, smooth or 

 nearly so : leaves in numerous Avhorls of G to 8 ; the liliform or linear segments 

 acute, more or less aculeate-dentate, J to 1 inch long : akene 2 lines long or more, 

 ellii)tical, somewhat compressed, shortly stipitate, with a short spine or tubercle on 

 eacli side near the base, not margined : style as long as the akene. — Schkulir, 

 Handb. iii. 253, t. 297; Penth. Fl. Austral, ii. 491. C. aj>iriilatiiiii, Chamisso in 

 Linnaja, iv. 503, t. 5, tig. e. 



Near San Francisco (Cluimisso) ; the fruit is descri])ed ami figure<l as having a weak style, 

 smooth, and with only a small tubercle on each side near the base. It has also been collected iit 

 Clear Lake and other localities in Northern California, in Western Nevada, and in Washington 



