CUPULIFEILE 



97 



wood is said to \w hard but hiittle. A beautiful tree, 2 to 2\ feet in diameter (Brewer), with tiie 

 asjiect of tile eastern Live ()al<. Young siioots have acutely dentate leaves, and a specimen 

 from San Gabiiel (n. 114, Brcircr) has very Iarj,'e ones, 3 in.h'es long and half as wide. Q. ob- 

 lonijifolia of 13ot. Wex. Hound. 20() is iirincipally Q. undulala, var. tjrisca. 



+- -*- Acorns matiir'uuj the second season, the nuts often jnibescent or tomentose 

 (in ?t. 10) within : leaves persistent. 



8. Q. chrysolepis, Liehm. 1. c. 1 73. One of the largest uaks (on the higher moun- 

 tains otton low and shrubhy), with llaky ash-gray bark : leaves oblong, acute or 

 cuspidate, obtuse or subeordato at ba.se, mostly entire on mature trees, on younger 

 ones often sharjjly dentate or sinuate-ilentate, or both forms on the same braneh, 

 coriaceous, about 2 inches long and half as wide, rarely larger or in the mountain 

 form often much smaller, at hrst fidvous-toniento.so beneath, after a year or moro 

 glabrate and bluish or whitish ; petioles about 3 lines long : aments sometimes 

 branched, tomentose, soon glabrate : calyx-lobes 5 to 7, broadly ovate, acute, ola- 

 brous, ciliate : anthers about 10, conspicuously cuspidate : pistillate flowers .sessile or 

 rarely in S|)ikes : cups covered with small triangular apprcsscd scales more or less 

 hidilen in a dense yellow or fulvous tomentum, very variable in shai)e and size, \ to 

 an inch wide, hemispherical and rather thin to tlat-saucershaped and very thick 

 with a broad thick rim : nut oval, obtuse, ^ to 1 i inches long and half as thick, 

 often somewhat pubescent within. — Engelni. 1. c. 383. Q. Jnlvescens, Kellogg, 

 I'roc. Calif. Acad. i. G7, 71. Q. crasxipocnta, Torr. Pacif. \\. Rep. v, 3G5, t. 9. 



Var. (?) vacciniifolia, Kngelm. 1. c. 31)3. A shrub 2 to G feet high, with entire 

 oval and obtuse or ovate-lanceolate and acute leaves, | to LV inches long by 2 to 4 

 lines wide, on petioles H to 3 lines long : acorns f to 1 inch long. — Q. vacciniifulia, 

 Kellogg, 1. c. i. 9G. " 



The Californian Live Oak, one of the most conspieuous and beautiful oaks of tlie Coast Ranges 

 and Sierra Nevada throughout the length of the State, at tlie higher altitudes often a low siirub. 

 It frequently attains a diameter of .3 to 5 feet, anil a tree was found by Prof. Hrewcr in Emidio 

 Canon 28 feet in ciieumferenee and with 15i) feet spread of braneiu^s. The fertile branehlets very 

 olten spend their force in the perfection of the fruit and do not grow beyoml it, so that the 

 fruit may have the appearance of maturing the first year though in fact biennial. The [lubes- 

 cence of the cu]is and of the lower side of the leaves is not scaly, but consists of a dense furze of 

 articulated glandular hair. The abortive ovules arc usually found scattered over the sides of the 

 seed. The variety is certaiidy |ieculiar in its habit, and the leaves ajipear to be always entire, 

 but no other dillerence is discoveiablc. 



9. Q. tomentella, Kngelm. 1. c. 393. A middle-sized tree witl> tomentose 

 branehlets : leaves oblong-lanceolate, 2 or 3 inches long, on petioles 3 or 4 lines 

 long, obtuse at base, acute, crenatc-dentatc or rarely entire, roriaceous and strongly 

 ribbed, with revolute margins, densely tomento.SG when young, becoming glabrate 

 above : aments and oval calyx-lobes stellate-pubescent : anthers about 10, cuspidate : • 

 acorns subsessile ; cup shallow, 10 or 11 lines wide, fulvous-tomentose ; nut ovate, 

 about IG lines long. 



Guadalupe Island, Dr. K. Palinrr. Sometimes 40 feet high : closely aliieil to the last, but 

 apparently well distinguished by the dentation and strou'^' ribs of the leaves, and by the pulws- 

 cence, which is only sparingly mixed with articulated hairs. ' The pubescence upon the brandies 

 ]iersists for several years. 



10. Q. Palmeri, Eugelra. A tall shrub, with small coriaceous and very rigid 

 leaves (G to 10 lines long), on petioles a line or two long, round-oval, obtuse or sub- 

 cordate at base, with undulate and strongly spinose-dentatc margins : calyx-lobes 5 

 to 7, ovate, obtuse, glabrous, .slightly ciliate : anthers 10, emari-inate : acorns sub- 

 sessile; cups turbinate, G to 9 lines wide, the niitnite scales covered by a dense ful- 

 vous furze ; nut densely tomentose within ; abortive ovules basal. — (J. chrysolepis, 

 var. Palmeri, Kngelm. 1. c. 383. 



In the mountains of San Diego County, near the Boundary ; at Ivarken's Station and Las Juan- 

 tas, Dr. E. Palmer, 1875. About S or 10 feet high : leaves resembling those of V- nndulala, but 



