•in 2 CONIFER.E. Juniperus. 



Tribe III. ABIETINEiE. Scales of the fertile anients numerous, sj)irally imbiicated, cur- 

 I)ellary, each in th« axil of a thin distinct ju'isiitent bract (in ilower often exceeding and 

 in fruit mostly exceeded by the scale), in fruit becoming coriaceous or ligneous and form- 

 ing a sLrubilc or cone. Ovules 2, adnate to the inner face of each scale near the base, in- 

 verted. Si'eds sei>arating from the scale at maturity, currying away a conspicuous si'arious 

 win<'. Cotyledons a to IG. Male llowers si)irally arranged and subtended by involucrnl 

 scales. Anther-cells 2, extrorse, i)arallel and contiguous u]inn the sides of a very narrow 

 connective which is often surnuxmted by a S(-arious dilated inlhxed tip. Leaves scattered, 

 or fascicled in I'lnas, from linear to needle-shaped : leaf-buds scaly. 



» Cones maturing the first year, their bracts remaining membranaceous : leaves solitaiy, mostly 



entire : llowers on last year's branchlets. 

 +- Branchlets smooth, the leaf-scars not raised : bracts of the female anient much larger than the 



scales. 



7. Abies. Leaves sessile, leaving eircuhir scars, (.'ones erect, their scales deciduous from tlic 



axis. Seeds with resin-vesicles. 



8. Pseudotsuga. Leaves petioled, the sears transversely oval. Com;s pendulous, their scales 



persistent on the axis. Seeds without resin-vesicles. 

 +- T- Branchlets rough from the prominent persistent leaf-bases : bracts of the female anient 

 smaller than the scales : cones pendulous, their scales persistent on the axis. 



9. Tsuga. Leaves petioled, with a single dorsal duct. Seeds with resin-vesicdes. 



10. Picea. Leaves sessile, keeled on both the ui)|>er and lower sides, with two lateral (sometimes 



incomplete) ducts. Seeds without resin-vesicles. 

 ♦ * Cones maturing in the seciond year, their bracts becoming corky and thickened : leaves of 

 the perfect plant in bundles of 2 to 5 (rarely solitary) from the axil of scarious bracts, their base 

 surrounded by a sheath of scarious bud-scales, usually serrulate. 



11. Pinus. Pollen 2-lobed. Kesin-ducts inconstant in number and variously placed. 



Lauix occidentalis, Nutt. Sylva, iii. 143, t. 120 (Pinus Xattullii, Parlat. in DC. Prodr. 

 xvi'2. 412), the Western Larch, occurs on the headwaters of the Deschutes IJiver, Oregon, and 

 northward to British Columbia, but has not been .seen in California. The genus is distinguished 

 from Jbics chiefly by the small cones with persistent .scales and bracts, mostly vertical on the 

 slender drooping branches and crimson when in Ilower, and conspicuously by the deciduous soft 

 and very slender leaves, llatteiicd or somewhat tetragonal, and mostly fascicled at the extremities 

 of .short lateral undeveloped branchlets. 1-. .kciukntams is a tall .slender tree {sometimes \[A) 

 feet high), witli glabrous branchlets and nearly glabrous bud-scales, and ovoid cones marly an 

 inch in length, the conspicuous bracts with an excunent foliaceous midvein usually exceeding 

 the scale. L. Lyallii, Parlat., in the Cascade Mountains of Washington Territory, is a smaller 

 tree with densely pubescent bud-scales and branchlets, and with longer and more oblong cones. 



1. JUNIPERUS, Linn. Juniper. 



Flowers didecious or sometimes monoecious, the small solitary aments axillary, or ter- 

 minal upon short lateral branchlets ; scales few and (like the leaves) decussately 

 binate or ternate. Staniinate llowers oblong-ovate ; anther-cells 4 to 8 under each 

 shield-shaped scale. Fertile anient of 2 or 3 series of fleshy scales, with 2 erect 

 ovules to each seal.-, in fruit becoming united into a blue black or reddish drupe, 

 ripening the second year. Seeds 1 to 12, ovate, bony. Cotyledons 2 (in a single 

 species more). — Low shrubs or trees, with mostly tliin shreddy bark, and with 

 evergreen binate or ternate, free and subulate or adnate and scale-like leaves ; 

 branches and leaves not 2-ranked. 



A "cnus of the northern liemis)ihere, including 20 species belonging to the Old World (of 

 which two are also .Americnn), 4 M.'xican and W. Indian species, and as many l»ruliMr to the 

 United States. The woo.l of all the species is line-grained, not resinous, exceedingly durable, the 

 heart-wood usually reddish and more or less fragrant. 



* Aments axlUarij : haves lernnte, free and joii^tcd at hast\ linear-sidndate, 

 pungent, channelled and tvhlte-fjlaucons above, nut glandulur-jjitted. — OxY- 

 CEDRUS, Spacli. 



