192 NAIADACE.E. ZosUra. 



closed in the dilated membranous base of a leaf. Anther 1 -celled, sessile ; pollen 

 thread-like. Ovary attached near its apex, beaked by a short style, with 2 linear 

 deciduous stigmas, and a single pendulous orthotrupous ovule. Fruit utricular, 

 oblong. Seed with subcrustaceous testa. Embryo split longitudinally and enclosing 

 the long linear curved plumule. — Stout submersed marine perennial herbs, with 

 creeping and rooting stems or rootstock, and alternate elongated grass-like ribbon- 

 shaped entire leaves. 



Only 4 sjiecies, two of them peculiar to Australia and one to the OKI World. 



1. Z. marina, Linn. Stems rather Heshy, often elongated : leaves with long 

 sheathing bases, 3 - 7-nerved, obtuse, one to several feet in length, 2 to 4 lines 

 broad; fruiting leaves jointed at the base of the sjjathe, wliich terminates with a 

 more or less elongated leaf-like summit: spadi.x 2 to 4 inches long, 10 - 20 fruited, 

 without appendages: seeil thiek-oblong, \\ lines long, longitudinally striate. — 

 JS'ees, Gen. iii. t. 42; IJeichenb. Icon. Fl. (Jerm. vii. t. 4. 



Common in the shoal water of bays, etc., below low-water mark, from Alaska to Oregon, and 

 probalily farther soul li ward ; also on the Arctic and North Atlantic coasts, the shoics of Europe, 

 and of norlhcasteiii Asia. 'I'ho smaller form (var. (tiKjnuti/oliit, Hornem. ; Z. uii</itsti/iilui, 

 Keichenb. 1. c, t. 3), with narrow 1-nerved leaves, is also reported from Alaska. 



3. PHYLLOSPADIX, Hook. 



Flowers dioecious (?), the staminate unknown. Ovaries without perianth, sessile 

 in two vertical rows alternately upon the face of a submembranous broadly linear 

 sessile spadix, which is enclosed in the dilated membranous base of a leaf-like spathe 

 and has within the margin on each side a series of short dilated foliaceous ap- 

 pendages as many as the ovaries ; attachment of the ascending ovaries above the 

 base : stigmas 2, linear, sessile, deciduous. Ovule pendulous, orthotropous. Fruit 

 coriaceous, indehiscent. Embryo straight, entire, somewhat pitted on one side. — 

 Perennial submerged marine herbs, with tliick rootstocks, slender stems, and elon- 

 gated linear leaves. 



Only the following species, peculiar to the western coast. 



1. P. Torreyi, Watson. Stem slender, and leaves mucli elongated (3 to 6 foet), 

 less than a line wide, with very long sheaths (2 to 10 inches), tlat, faintly 1-nerved, 

 coriaceous : ])eduncles short, broad and somewhat channelled, one or two axillary at 

 each joint of the stem: the dilated jiortion of the spathe IJ, to 2 inches long, leaf- 

 like above: the enclosed s[)ailix U, lines wide; appendages ovate-obhuig, acult", 2' 

 to 3 lines long, within the margin of the spailix and above the attachment of the 

 corresponding ovaries: ovaries 15 to 20 or more, cordate-sagittate and somewhat 

 dorsally ilattened and carinate, 2h lines long ; stigmas half as long. — Proc. Amer. 

 Acad. xiv. 303. 



Collected at Santa Barbara, in flower (Dr. Torre;/), and with immature fruit. Miss S. A. Plitm- 

 vur. Tiie fruiting specimen described and figured by Kujirecht (iMem. Acad. I'etersb. vii. 58, 

 t. 1, and 2, figs. 5-16) under the name of R Scoulcri, from the mouth of llussinn liiver, 

 would seem from the shajte of the fruit to be probably tliis species, though it is represented as 

 having the i)edun(les short, with a single spathe, and tlie leaves broader. Oidy one or two ripe 

 fruits were louu<l by lum, and none other have hitherto been collected. 



2. P. Scouleri, Hook. Very similar to the la.st, but stems short, peiluiicles 

 short and with a single spathe, leaves broader (2 lines wide) and 3-nerved ; and 

 ovaries ovate-oblong, roundetl at base : fruit unknown. — Fl. l>or.-Am. li. 171, t. 18G ; 

 Puprecht, 1. c. in part, t. 2, figs. 1-4. 



Dundas Island, in the Columbia Hiver (S'ninic?-) ; Vancouver's Island (Lijull) ; apparently also 

 with the last at muuth of Hussian Uiver, ll'tisuniscnski. 



