224 CYrEllACE.K. FimbristijlU. 



triangular, ^ of a line long, usually bearing the small deltoid tubercle. — ^lanual, 

 5G7 ; Bentli. I'l. Austr. vii. 322. Ki'cirjjus capillar is, Linn. ; l>oeck. Linniea, 

 xxxvi. 75'J. 



In the Yosemite Viilley {Bolandcr) ; Oregon (//((//) ; Xxuow.x {Roth ruck) ; coniinon castwanl, as 

 well as in most tropical and subtroiiical regions. 



* * Sj)ikes clustered: style 2-cleft, slender : nutlet lenticular, tvithout tubercle. 



4. F. apus. Annual, cespitose, dwarf, antl nearly acuulescent : leaves and in- 

 volucral bracts' an inch or two long, light green, liat-liliforni, roughish, with whitish 

 dilated bases: s[)ikelets in nearly sessile clusters, lanceolate, 2 lines long; scales 

 lanceolate, acuminate, jjale and thin with a strong niidvein : stamen 1 : nutlet obo- 

 vate, nearly white, very faintly tuberculate. — Scirpus apus, (Jray, Proc. Amer. 

 Acad. X. 78. 



Sliores of Clear Lake, Bolandcr. 



F. JUNClKou.Mis, Kunth (/''. brcvifoUa, Presl, Rul. Ilienk. i. 192, ehangeil to F. bmclii/plii/lln, 

 1. c. 351 ; /•'. Ihcakci, Dictr.), is an East Indian speeies with small elustereJ sjnkes in an ojun 

 nmbel, and a very small triangular tuherenlate nutlet ; though reported as from Jlonteii) in 

 Haenke's collection it is probably not Calilornian. 



7. CLADIUM, I', r.rowne. Saw-Okass. 

 Spikelets small, usually clustered, in terminal and lateral mostly compound 

 corymbs, panicles or cymes, of about 5 closely imbricated brown scales, the lower 

 empty, the terminal one fertile, and the one or two below it staminate. Perianth 

 none. Stamens 2 or 3. Style 2 - 3-cleft, somewhat thickenetl at base continuous 

 Avith the ovary. Nutlet ovate or (djlong-ovate, smooth, acute with the scarcely dis- 

 tinguishable persistent base of the style. — Perennials with stout rhizomes, the typi- 

 cal species with tall stout stems leafy throughout with elongated channelled leaves. 



The genus proper is limited to three species, one belonging to Europe, Asia and Australia, to 

 which the Caliloinian form is referred, and two to the Atlantic Slates and the West Indies, 

 though one of these (C. c[f'itsuiii or oa-idratiilc) is al.-,o placed in (.'. Mmiscas by H.<cck(!er. To 

 these is added an Old World ((ddelly Austialian) group of If) or 2l) species, less Icaly or lealless, 

 and with the nutlet usually more triangular. 



1. C. Mariscus, P. P>r. Stems numerous, in dense tussocks, very stout : loaves 

 equalling the htem, a half-inch broad or more, strongly ribbed, channelled above, 

 very sharply and rigidly .serrate on the edges and keel : lateral i)anicles usually G or 

 8, from the axils of short sheathing channelled triangular-tii)i)ed leaves : sinkelets 

 light brown, in numerous clusters of 2 or 3, narrowly oblong, 2 or 3 lines long; 

 scales ovate to lanceolate, usually very obtuse : .stamens 2 : upper llower perfect, the 

 next lower oidy staminate : nutlet brown, ovate, attenuate upward, U to 2 lines 

 long, with a truncate circidar somewhat cup-shaped base.- — Peichenb. Icon. Fl, 

 Germ, viii, t. 287 ; Penth. PI. Austr. vii. 402. 



Var. Californicum. Stems G to 8 fret liigh, with diirusc; dn.oping i.anicles : 

 lower scal(!s ovate and acutish or acute, the; up[)cr lancccdali; and acute or at iinn- 

 nate. — C. effnsum, Watson, Cat. PI. Wheeler, 18. 



The variety has been collected in a swamp near San Gabriel (Brnrcr) and in Southern Nevada, 

 Ulirchr. Prof. I5rewer describes the .stems as nearly an inch in diameter at base, and the hum- 

 mocks which it forms as 4 or .'') feet higli and U to '1 feet thick. It much resembles tlie larger 

 tlowcred and fruitcil European form, but has r.'markably acute and ratlicr strongly nerved scales. 



8. CAREX, Linn. Skdce. (P.y Wii.i.ia.m Boott, Esq.) 

 Flowers diclinous. Spikelets monrjecious or aiulrogynous or rarely dia>cious, several- 

 flowered, the male .simple, the female sometimes compound ; scales equally imbri- 

 cated around the axis, 1-ilowered. Stamens 2 or 3. Perigyuium a more or less 



