Carcx. CYPERACE.E. 233 



on tlic margins, the uppor ofton oxcooding tlio stem : liracts cnspidato or setaceous : 

 spiko pale or ferruginous, nearly linear, simple witii oblong sessile spikelets, or com- 

 l)oun(l and branching, 4^ inches long and an inch broad, the branches 1 to \h inches 

 long, or elongated to a foot in length with branches 3 inches long; scales ineni- 

 liranous, ferruginous with broad hyaline margins, ovate, acutish or miicronulate : 

 perigynium ferruginous, shining, coii-iceous with spongy base, ovate or deltoid, 

 attenuate to an oblirpiely cut bidentato beak with herbaceous serrate wings and 

 liyalino orilico, [)lano-convex, faintly many-nerved on both sides, longer than the 

 scale : nutlet ovate, produced at base, biconvex, punctate : style bulbous at base. — 

 Fl. Dan. t. IIIG; Keichenb. 1. c, t. 223. 



In suit niarslips iioar Snii FraiiiM.sco (Bolnndcr, ii. 1568 in part), a variety with contracted 

 spikes. Tiie species belongs to Europe and western Asia. 



('. sTirATA, Mulil., native from Arctic Ameiiea to Florida and in the Roekv Mountains to 

 Colorado and Oregon, is likely to l)e foujid in California. Stem 1 to 3 feet high, very sharply 

 angled and scabrous • inner face of the sheaths commonly transversely corrugate : spike oblong or 

 lanceolate, of many aggregated spikelets, the lower compound : perigynium stipitate, lanceolate, 

 taju'iing from a .spongy truncate base to a long slender bidentate sharply margined serrate l)eak, 

 diverging, many-nerved, much longer than the lanceolate acute or cuspidate .scale : nutlet chestnut- 

 colored, ovate, producetl at base : style enlarged at base. 



-»— -»— Spikelets male at hottoni. 

 IG. C. lagopina, AVahl. Ce.spitose, with short stoh)ns : stem 4 to 12 inches 

 high, often obtusely angled, .scaln'ous only at the summit : leaves flat, ^ to 1 line 

 broad, nearly equalling the stem : bracts .scale-like, clasping, cuspidate, the lowest 

 rarely exceeding its spikelet : spike reddish ferruginous, ellipsoidal or oblong, 6 to 

 12 lines long aiul 3 to 6 thick, of from 3 to G (usually 3) crowded or contiguous 

 ellipsoidal or subglol)ose spikelets, the terminal one largest, the lower sometimes 

 wholly female, and the lowest subremote ; scales fuscous with broad hyaline margins 

 and green midnerve, ovate, obtuse: ])erigynium coriaceous, oval or elliptical, with 

 acute base and slender beak, or roundish obovate and abruptly rostellate, with entire 

 liyaline orifice, not winged, fissured on the outer side, smooth or serrate on the upper 

 margins, plano-convex, many-nerved, longer than the scale : nutlet orbicular or ovate, 

 plano-convex, punctate. — Keichenb. 1. c, t. 204. 



In the Sierra Nevada, at a small lake near Ebbetfs Pass {Bmirr, n. 206-3) ; Uinta Mountains 

 (WaK^on) ; Arctic America and Greenland, and in the Rocky Mountains of British America; also 

 in Europe. 



17. C. phyllomanica. Stem G to 18 inches high, smooth : leaves rigid, a line 

 or two broad, attenuate to a subuhite triangular summit, much exceetling the stem : 

 lowest liract liliform, often far exceeding the stem, the others scale-like and shorter 

 than their spikelets; auricles minute, connate, chestnut-colored: spike chestnut- 

 colored, oblong, f of an inch long, of from 3 to G spikelets, contiguous or the ui)per 

 ones crowded, the up[)ermost the largest (3 or 4 lines long) and linear-club-shaped, 

 the others elliii.soidal ; scales broadly ovate or roundish, obtuse, chestnut-colored 

 with green midnerve and hyaline margins : perigynium (immature) lance-ovate, ol)- 

 tuse at base, gradually tapering to an oblicpiely cut nearly entire beak, the orifice 

 and long fissure on the outer side reddish brown, .serrate above on the acute wing- 

 less margins, not nerved, a little longer than the .scales : imtlet orbicular. 



In sphagnous swamps near Mendocino City, Bohcnch-r, n. 4746. Dilfering from C. laiiopinn, 

 Wahl., in the much longer leaves and bracts, and in the more roughly serrate and sharper mar- 

 gins of the i)erigynium, the orifice of which is not liyaline. The lateral spikelets are always 

 androgynous and not, as in C. lagopina, often entirely female. 



18. C. Bonplandii, Kunth, var. angustifolia, P>oott. Stem filiform, about a 

 foot high, scabrous : leaves | to 1 line broad, grass-like, shorter than the stem : 

 bracts scale-like, clasping, the lowest rarely setaccously jiointed, shorter than the 

 stem : spike dark brown, ellipsoiilal or ov.-ite, 3 or 4 lines long and 2 or 3 broad, of 

 from 3 to G ovoid or roundish crowded spikelets ; .scales membranous, broadly oval. 



