^'"■'•*' cvi'EKACEj.;. 237 



28. C. echinata, ^[urr. CV-spitose : .st(3in i to 2 foet l.igli, fou'-leaved • leaves 

 flat and gra«s-I,ke, to hue bn,acl, nuu=h shortLr than the st^n/: low. 1 act subu 

 lato h-oni a lancoolato baso, Ion,.-.- or shnrt.r than its spikclot : M^Vovi 

 approxnnato or romo o, s,.lu.rical, tho uppor.nost taporin^^'at base ; -..dos nenla: 

 nous, forrugu.ous or wlute-hya ino with o,v.n nudnor '-.s. ovate, obtn e or aout ■' - 



gynunu greenish .straw-colored, ovateda.iceohue from a round or ovate spo IVbase 

 attenuate to a sharply bidentate l,eak, plano-convex, serrate-ciliate above on he a te 

 inargms, nmny-^.erved, s.p.arrose-spreading or recurved, twice longer than t e sea e 

 nuU,.t suborb.cular, lent...ula, yellowish, tipped with the enlarged base of tie s V 

 ~C. stellulata, Good.; Schk. Car. iig. 14: Keichonb \ c \ '>\i n ".'•>"• 

 Huds. ; Fl. Dan. t. 284 i^eiclanb. J. c, t. J14. C. muncata, 



han the stem sheathing about two-thinls of its length, the inner side of the sheath 

 herbaceous, entire : bracts scale-like and cuspidate, or the lowest herbaceous and 1 lit 

 form exceeding the .stem : spike pale, 2}^ to 31 inches long, oblong-cylindrical of 8 



o elliptical spielets 8 to 14 lines long and lA to 3 lines thick,'acute at each 

 end, simp e or the lower compound ; a second spike of 4 or 5 spikelets rarely occurs 

 ^ to 4 inches be ow the upper and on a peduncle I to 1 J- inches long ; scales hyaline' 

 jvhite or ot a palo fulvous hue, with a green midnerve, the male ovate, obtuse the 

 female lanceolate and acute : perigyiiiuin 4 or 5 lines long and 1 broad, lanceolate 

 produced at base, acuminate-rostrate, bili.l, winged, ciliate-serrate on the shari. mar' 

 g,ns, 4-.,-nerycd ,n the middle, more than twice the length of the scale : nutlet 

 ii near-lanceolate, sessile, dark brown. — Cyp. 312, t. 24; IJoott, 111. i. 20 t .'34 

 Kenlucky^'"'"' ^'''''•' ^^''""'''^' '"'''''*>' "°' ""*'^'' = ^^"'^"^'^ states from Oliio to Wisconlin and 



2 htS:.- ^^°P^';^' '^.^J'kv var. fulva. Stem 2 feet high or more, smooth : leaves 

 2 lines b.oad, shorter than the stem : spike ovoid or oblong, of 8 to 12 crowded or 

 contiguous sessile .spikelets, naked or the lowest with a setaceous bract dilated a 

 base and shorter ban the stem : perigynium pale fulvous, narrowly lanceolate 

 atteiuate-rostmte, sharply bidentate, narrowly winged, serrate on the margins, lon-^e; 

 than he membranous fulvous or ferruginous lanceolate sharp-pointed scale • nutlet 

 oval, lenticular short-stipitate, chestnut-colored, shining, much shorfrr than'the peri- 

 gynium. - Schk. Car. fig. 175, aiul Uoott, 111. iii. HG, t. 3G8, the typical form 



31. C. lagopodioides, Schk. Cespitose .- stem 2 to 21 feet high, sharplv 

 angled, scabrous, many-leaved below the middle: leaves l.l to 3 lines ])road tape;' 

 ing to a very s ender summit, the upper erp.alling the sf.nn ; sheaths sharply trian- 

 gular loose enlarging upward : lowest bract foliaceous, often far exceeding the stem • 

 spikelets pale green becoming stmw-color, numerous (10 to 15 or more), ellipsoidal 

 or obovoid, obtuse, crowded in an oblong head or contiguous, the lowest often remote 

 on a, long peduncle and componn<l ; scales membranous, acute or acuminate • peri- 

 gynuim closely imbricated, elliptical or lanceolate, gi-adually more or less beaked 

 narrowly winged, the margins serrate, nerved, longer than the scale : nutlet loosely 

 invested by the perigynium, elli])tical, stipitate, lenticular, chestnut-colored — Car 

 hg. 1/7; IJoott, 111. iii. llfi, t. 370, 371. ' ' 



('ollect.>.l in rnlif.,rMiH I.y TMcr, but locality nn,.i(ain. Tl..> species ran^res castwara fron, 



annda in Sdiit h ( nm nm flint 'I'..v.it. "^ 



Canada to Soutii Carolina and Te.xas. 



