238 CYPEKACE.-E. Carcx. 



32. C. Cristata, Scliwein, Cespitose : stein 2 to 2i foot high, sliarply angk-d, 

 scabrous: leaves 1 to 3 lines Avide, attenuate at the apex, their sheaths sharply tri- 

 angular, loose : bracts scale-like or the lowest luliaeeous and exceeding the stem : 

 spike oblong or cylinilrical, 1 to H inches long and 4 to lines thick, of 8 to 12 or more 

 closely aggregated globular spikelets; scales inembraiious, lanceolate, obtuse : ])eri- 

 gyniuni oval or ovale, rostrate, bidenticulate, narrowly winged, ciliate-serrate on the 

 sharp margins, spreading or recurved, much longer than the scale : nutlet round- 

 oval, lenticular, ferruginous : style slightly thickened at base. — C'yp'. 1, c. 315, t. 25, 

 iig. 1 ; lioott, 111. iii. 117, t. 372,373. 



Var. mirabilis? Less rigid : spike looser and spikelets less spreading: ])erigyn- 

 iura longer beaked : scales pale chestmit, acute. — JJoott, 1. c, t. 37-i. C. mirabilis, 

 Dewey, Am. Journ. Sci. xxx. G3. 



Ill tlie Yosemite Valley and from Santa IJosa to Ukiali, Huhaidcr, ii. 16-12, 3864, 6216. The 

 typical form of the hpecics ranges from Arctic America to the iiortlicni Atlantic States and Ore- 

 gon ; the vaiiet)' from New England to Ohio, and has also been collected on the Columbia lliver. 



33. C. adusta, Boott. Cespitose : stem 1 or 2 feet high, obtusely angled, often 

 inclined at top : leaves Hat, a line or two broad, shorter than the stem : bracts with- 

 out sheaths, the lower foliaceous, the upper scale-like: spike oblong, of 4 to 10 cla- 

 vato or roundish pale or straw-colored spikelets, the lower more or less remote and 

 occasionally compound ; scales membranous, white or ferruginous or straw-colored, 

 lanceolate or ovate lanceolate, acute: perigynium ovate, oval or Orbicular, gradually 

 rostrate, bidentate, the upper margins narrowly winged and serrate, the lower obtuse, 

 turgid on the outer face, ilat on the inner, strongly many-nerved, about equalling 

 the scale : nutlet suborbicular, biconvex, sessile, chestnut-colored. — Hook. Fl. J>or.- 

 Am. ii. 215, and 111. iii. 119, t. 379-383. C. argi/ran(ha, Tuckerman ; Dewey, 



I. c. 2 ser. xxix. 3-1 G, a delicate form. 



Var. congesta. 8|)ikelets of a light fulvous color, G to 8, crowded in an ovate 

 or oblong head : perigynium witli longitudinal furrow.s, which conceal the nerves. 



In the Siena Nevada, at the Calaveras and JIarii)osa Groves and at Westfall's meadows (Ho- 

 lander) ; tlie variety mostly at liigher altitudes, from Silver Valley and bassen's I'eaU (Ilnir,), 



II. 1977, 217S), ami also from Calaveras Crove, llilkbrand, u. 2310. The sjiecies ranges from 

 Greenland and Arctic America to rennsylvania, the Itocky iMountains of I5riti.sli Ameiica, ami 

 Oregon. 



§ 3. Uppermost spikefet androfjijnons, male at base ; the rest female : stitjmus .*>. 



34. C. Euxbaumii, Wahl. Stoloniferous : stem 1 to 2] feet high, scabnms 

 above on the sliar]) angles : leaves firm, a line or two broad, shorter tlian the stem, 

 the lower surface densely punctate and the purple sheaths librousreticulate : bracts 

 clasping without sheaths, the lowest rarely exceeding the stem : sjiike of from 3 to 

 5 erect purple and glaucous spikeli;ts, f to 2 inches long and 2 to 4 lines thick, the 

 uppermost obovoid or club-shaiied, male at bottom or rarely at both top and bottom, 

 or entirely male and cylindrical, the rest female, oblong or oblong-cylindrical, densely 

 flowered, contiguous and sessile or the lowest H to 3 inclies distant on a short 

 peduncle; scales purple, pale in the middle, oblong or ovate-lanceolate, acute or 

 acuminate or cuspidate, the cusp mostly smooth : perigynium glaucous, ellipsoidal, 

 ventricose, unequally 3-augled below, very short-beaked with the orifice emarginate 

 or rarely entire, granular, smooth on the margins, more or loss jiromineiitly nerved, 

 broader and shorter than the .scale : initlet obovoiil-triangular, much shorter than the 

 l>erigynium, che.stnut-colored. — Fl. ])an. t. MOG ; IJeichenb. 1. c, t. 235; lioott, 



III. iv. 13G, t. 438, 439. 



At Soda Springs on the Tuolumne, nt 0,700 feet altitude (/W«wr/r>-, ii. f)0r>6) ; ranging from 

 Sitka and Hritish America to Georgia, and in the Kocky Mountains to Colorado ; also in Europe, 

 Asia and Australia. 



35. C. bifida, Boott, ined. Stem 2 or 3 feet high, acutely angled, slightly 

 scabrous at top : leaves pale, 2 lines broad, shorter than the stem, the lower surface 



