240 CVI'EILVCE.K. Viircx. 



the male cylindrical or sliyhtly clavate, oLtuse, pedunclcd, .siii;^lo or with a much 

 smaller one at ita base ; the leiuale 3, oblong or clavate, 3 to U lines long, the upper- 

 most sessile (sometimes male at base), the rest short-pedunded, contiguous or thti 

 lowest rarely 4 inches distant; scales purple with pale midnerve and hyaline mar- 

 gin, obtuse, the male oblong, the female shorter and ovate : perigynium oval, sub- 

 compressed-triangular, obtuse, ending abruptly in a minute purple emarginate beak, 

 pale or tinged with i)urj)le, nerveless excepting 2 intramarginal nerves and 2 short 

 ones diverging from the base of the beak, much longer and broader than the scale : 

 nutlet triangular-ellipsoidal. 



lu tlie Sierra Neviula ; Lake Talioe to Bear Valley, Kcllogt). 



§ 4. Spikes unlaexiuil (the male above and inosthj slnrjle, the rest female), or 

 sparuiffl// andi'of/ijiious. 



* StUjinas 2. 

 -t- PerUji/nluni heahless or nearly so. 



38. C. aurea, Nutt. Stoloniferous, glaucous : stem 1 to 15 inches high, slen- 

 der : leaves Hat, 1 to 1 ^ lines broad: bracts foliaceous, sheathed, the lower much 

 exceeding the stem : sheaths 1 to 15 lines long: s])ikes 3 to 6, the uppermost cylin- 

 drical, male, or female at top, 4 to 6 Hues long, the rest female, oblong, 3 to 10 

 lines long and 2 broad, loosely flowered, peduncled, the npjjcr contiguous, the lower 

 remote, the lowest often radical and con)i)ound ; peduncles from 2 lines to G inches 

 long ; scales ferruginous, pale in the middle and with hyaline margins, broadly 

 ovate, obtuse or abruptly cusjiidate, 1 -3-nervt;d : perigynium globose or pear-shaped, 

 turgid, obtuse or abrujitly and minutely beaked with entire orilice, coriaceous, spongy 

 at base, orange-coloreil becoming ferruginous, strongly nerved, longer than and as 

 broad as the scale : nutlet dark brown, orbicular, produced at base, biconvex or 

 rarely triangular : stigmas rarely 3. — Schwein. <Si Torr. Cyp. 328, t. 25, fig. 2 ; 

 Boott, lU. i. 21), t. 70. 



In the Siena Nevada, at Soda Spriiif^s on the Tiiohunne River (Bohiiulcr, ii. G2'20) and rimnas 

 County {Airs. Aaditi), and at Mono I-ake, Brcucr, w. IS^t). A strongly marked b|iecie.s, pin uliiu 

 to North Anieriea, ranging I'roni subaretic regions to tlie northern Atlantic Stales and in the 

 western mountain ranges to Colorado, Southern Utab, Nevada and California. 



-1- -)- Perigynium short-leaked. 



39. C. Kelloggii. Stem very slender, 12 to IG inches high, sharply angled and 

 scabrous above : leaves 1.', lines broad, the caidine shorter, the sterile rather longer 

 than the stem ; bracts without sheaths, the lowest slightly exceeding the stem, the 

 next above its sjjike ; auricles oblong, ferruginous: spikes 4 or 5, narrowly cylin- 

 drical or clavate, contiguous, sessile or the lowest \\ inches distant, short-i)eduneled 

 and loosely Holered at base, the nude (rarely female at top or at bottom) '^ of an 

 inch long, the female 3 to 12 lines long, about a line thick ; scales purple witli pale 

 nudnerve, the male obovate, the female oljlong, obtuse : perigynia jiah;, ovate, taper- 

 ing to a short beak, the orilice entire, purfjle, acute at base, short-stipitate, biconvex 

 below, compressed ami slightly excurved at top, smooth, obscurely nerved, longer 

 than the scales : nutlet of a (bdl chestnut, obovate, abruptly tippeil with the jier- 

 sistent style, half the length of the perigynium. 



In tlu! Sierra Nevada, at Alia and IVoni Lake T-dioc to I'.rar Valley (/w/A"/:/, L<i,imu„); 

 AValisaleb Jlountains, Utab, M. K. Jvius. 



40. C. vulgaris, Fries, var. alpina, Boott. Stoloniferous: stem 12 to 18 

 inches high, siiarply angled, several leaved at ba.se : leaves 2 lines broad, lance- 

 liiuiar, flat, erect, etpialling or shorter than the stem ; auricles puri»le, the lowest 

 small, round, separate : spikes 3 to 5, tlark-puri)le, 3 to D lines long and 2 thick, 

 short-peduncled, contiguous or the low(!st 1 or 2 inches distant, the upper one or 



