Carex. CYrERACE^. 251 



at base, the beak purple, very rough with long hairs, shorter or a little longer than 

 the scale: nutlet oval. — C. cematorhi/ncha, iJesv. ; Gay, Fl. Cliil. vi. 224, t. 73, 

 fig. 22 ; Ijoott, 111. i. G7, t. 183, tig. 1. 



Ill tlie Sierra Neviula, Yospiiiiti! Viilloy ami Marijiosa (Jrove (lirriirr, Bnhuulcr) ; almiulant in 

 JIoiio Valley (Dreircr, ii. 1814), and al.so collected in alkaline soil in Tidare plain, Breiccr, n. 

 1592. Both the typical form (wliicii is also European) and tiie variety In/ijh/ia arc i'rei|uent from 

 Arctic America to the northern Atlantic States, the variety on the west ran<,nng southward to 

 New jMexico, Utah, Nevada and California. Var. ctmator/ii/iidia has been collected in the Mari- 

 jiosa drove, and in the .Ionian Valley, Utah, and is also Chilian. 



73. C. gynodynama, Olncy. (Jcspitoso : stems 10 to 18 ini;lH's high, leafy and 

 with long .sheaths : leaves Hat, eiliate, much sliorter tlian the stem : bracts involute, 

 ciliate, the lowest nearly <!(jualling or shorter than tlio stem : spikes 4 or 5, erect, 

 cylindrical, ferruginous, the terminal one male, female at the top or often in the 

 middle or at base, the rest female, the upper far overtopping the male, the lowest 

 remote, long-sheathed, peduncled ; scales ovate, membranous, ciliate, mucronate or 

 acute, chestnut-colored, pale in the middle : j)erigynium elliptical, olive-colored, 

 the purple summit covered with long white hairs, glabrous at base, the beak bifid, 

 slightly nerved at base, broader and shorter than the scale : nutlet obovate, olive- 

 cohued. — Proo. Amer. Acad. vii. 394. 



In swamps near Mendocino City, Bolander, n. 4700. 



•♦-■♦- -t- Perifjynium larrje and inflated, the elongated beak mosthj deeply hicus- 



])idate. 



74. C. trichocarpa, Muhl., var. imberbis, Carey. Stem 2 or 3 feet high, 

 smooth : leaves 1 to 3 lines broad, the lower siieatlis tibrous-reticulate : bracts of the 

 female spikes foliaceous, exceeding the stem, all or oidy the lower with sheaths 2 

 to 8 or rarely IG lines long: sjiikes 5 to 12, cylindrical, erect, alternate or-lho upper 

 ones crowded, the male 3 to 9, ferruginous, linear, 4 to 18 lines long and I or 1^ 

 thick, the lowest 1 or 2 bracteate ; female spikes 2 to 4, H to 2i inclies long and 

 4 to G lines thick, approximate or remote, densely or loosely flowered and attenuate 

 at base, the upper rarely male at toj), the lower on peduncles ^ to 2 inches long ; 

 scales purple with green midnerves and broad hyaline margins, ovate or lanceolate, 

 acute or hispidly cuspidate : perigynium smooth, ovoid or lanceolate, tapering to a 

 long deeply bicuspidate beak witli the scabrous lanceolate lobes membranous on the 

 margins, strongly nerved, longer than the scale : nutlet triangular-ovoid, olive- 

 colored. — Gray's Manual, .'597; Boott, III. i. 58, t. 152, the tyjiical form, with 

 pubescent perigynium and very scabrous stem. 



In swamps at Cahto, Long Valley, Mendocino County, Bolandn-, n. 408!). In the Atlantic 

 States from Canada to Georgia, and westward from the Saskatchewan to Colonulo and Utah. 



75. C. monile, Tuckerman. Stem rather slender, 1 to 2^ feet high, sharply 

 angled, scabrous : leaves 1 or 2 lines broad, flat, shorter than the stem, the lower 

 sheaths sparingly fibrous-reticulate : bracts longer tluin the stem, tiie lowest rarely 

 with sheaths 2 to 4 lines long : spikes 3 to G, elongated, cylindrical, the male 2 to 4 

 (usually 3), 1 to 2^ inches long and 1 or H linos thick, sometimes female at top, 

 the lowest setaceously bracted ; female spikes 2, rarely 1 or 3, terete, 1| to 2i inches 

 long and 8 lines thick, remote, the upper rarely male at top, the lowest sometimes 

 attenuate and loosely flowered at base and nodtling upon a peduncle 1^ inches long 

 or less ; scales purple, pale in the middle with hyaline margins, ovate or lanceolate, 

 acuminate, 1 - 3-nerved : perigynium inflated, glohular-ovoid, alnniptl}' contracted to 

 a cylindri(;al bidentate beak, glabrous, or the beak and lobes serrate, 8-10-nerved, 

 shining, longer or shorter and broader than the s(;ale : nutlet chestnut-colored, tri- 

 angular-obovoid. — J>oott, 111. i. 28, t. 72. V. Vasei/i, Dewey, Am. Journ. Sci. 

 2 ser. xxix. 347, a form with the teeth (if the beak serrate. 



Ostrandcr's Meadow, Bohinrfrr, n. 6211. Fiom subarctic Hritish America to the northern 

 Atlantic States. A variety of 0. vrsinin'a ar'cording to Boeckelcr. 



