U'oodtmnlia. FILICES. oio 



linear rcflexed involucres : principal vein of each pinnule closely parallel to its lower 

 margin, tlio vcmlcts forking. — Katon, Fcu'iis of N. Ainer. i. 13;-), t. 18 ; Williamson, 

 lern Etchings, t. 11. Adiaiitinn Americannm, Cornutus, Canad. JM. Hist. 7, t. G. 

 ■ Common among the Coast Ranges, also on Mount San IJernanlino ( jr. G. U'riqht) ami in tlie 

 \ oseunte Lcmmon. The range indu,|ps nearly all the United States, Hritish America an,l north- 

 eastern Asia to the Himalayas. I'acihc Coast specimens have the pinnules more deeply lobe.l 

 than those from the hastern States. A few South American and Australasian species have tho 

 th^'t nno n/ fl^ .hvide,!, ami rom them, as well as from young plants of this species, it is evident 

 that one of the two middle divisions is really the proper continuation of the central axis Cor- 

 nutus s name, though much the oldest, is ante-Linnajan, and therefore has never been adopted. 



9. LOMARIA, Willdenow. 

 Sporangia in a continuous band, seated on a special receptacle each side of the 

 midrib of the fertile pinna?, and covered till mature by an elongated involucre either 

 formed of the recurved and altered margin or (in our species and some others) sepa- 

 rate and closely parallel to the margin. Fronds dimorphous, usually pinnatifid or 

 onco i)innato; the sterile with broader foliaccous pinnre and usually free veins • tho 

 fertile with very narrow pinnte, and the veins often forming a single series of areoles 

 each side of tho midrib. 



A genus of about forty-five species, the greater part tropical or recurring in the south temperate 

 zone, some of them with large and showy evergreen fronds. It is closely connected with Blcch- 

 . 7iui)i, Which has the Icrtile fronds but slightly contracted, and the involucre remote from the 

 margin. 



1. L. Spicant, Desvaux. (Deer-Fern.) Rootstock sliort and thick, very 

 chaffy : fronds tufted, erect, smooth ; sterile ones nearly sessile or on short stalks 

 Rubcoriaceous, narrowly lineai-lanceolato, G to 30 inches long, 1 to 3 inches widej 

 tapering from above tho mid.Uo to both ends, pinnatilid to the rhachis into very 

 numerous closely placed oblong or oblong-linear often upwardly falcate obtuse or 

 apiculate segments, the lower ones diminished to minute auricles; fertile fronds 

 taller and more erect than the sterile, long-stalked, pinnate ; pinn.-B less crowded, 

 longer and much narrower than the sterile segments, sessile by a suddenly dilated 

 base ; involucres just within the margin : mature sporangia nearly covering the back 

 of the pinn;e. — Dorlin Mag. v. (1811) 325; Brackenridge, Ferns of u! S. Expl. 

 Fxped. 123; Eaton, Ferns of N. Amor. i. 249, t. 32, fig. 3-5. Blcchnum boreale, 

 8wartz; Hooker, Brit. Ferns, t. 40. 



On the ground in dense forests, sometimes in open places, from Santa Cruz County (Anderson) 

 to Oregon and northward ; also in Europe, the Caucasus, Kamtschatka and Japan. Some of the 

 I acilic Coast specimens are exactly like the European, but plants growing in rich and shaded 

 localities are very large and tall, forming var. el.ongnta of Hooker's Species Filicum. Blcchnum 

 dnod.ouks. Hook. Fl Bor.-Am. ii. 263, aii.l Sp. Fil. iii. 60, t. 1.53, is founded on a coui.le of 

 houds from Hntish Columbia, in which the lower half is sterile and the upper half fertile with 

 the fruit broken into short sori, and the outer margin of the pinnules wider than usual. ' 



10. WOODWARDIA, Smith. Ciiain-Feux. 

 Sori oblong or linear, interrupted, occupying paracostal areoles and forming a 

 chain-like row each side of the midribs and midveins. Indusium convex, fixed by 

 its outer margin to the fertile veinlet, free and opening on the inner side. Fronds 

 various ; the veins forming oblong areoles next the midribs, and outside of these 

 either anastomosing or free. 



Besides the following species tliere are two in the Eastern States, and two or three more in 

 eastern Asia. 



1. W. radicans, Smith. Rootstock stout, chafly with abundant ferriiginou.s- 

 brown scales: fronds long-stalked, standing in a circle, often 4 to G feet lii-di or 



