Aspidium. FILICES. 347 



V;ir. imbricans, Ivvtoii, 1. c. Frond not lar<,'o, 1)roa(1(>st at. ilio haso ; pinn;c 

 cro\V(lc(l, l;iii(;i'oliilt'-()l)lonj,', pain, ascondiiij,' and inihricaluil ; stalk .scaly at thu baso 

 only, the rliachis ;iiid frond naked : sori snbniargiiial. 



Var. inciso-serratum, Katon, 1. c. Frond ain[)le ; ])iiina3 lanceolate-acuiuinate 

 from a conspicuously iuiricled base, incised with serrated teeth ; veins branched into 

 five or six veinlets : sori scattered. 



Common tlirougliout the State ; the finest specimens from near the coast in the northern coun- 

 ties. Var. nndntiiin was found in Yosemite Valley by Professor Wood. Var. imbricam in Mendo- 

 cino and Phunas Counties, etc., and a form connecting it with the first variety was collected in 

 the Trinity Mountains and on the Yuba River. Var. inciso-scrral am has been sent only from 

 British Columbia. The fern ncaicst to this one is A. falcincllum, Swartz, from Madeira. 



f). A. aculeatum, Hwartz. llootstock stout, chaffy : stalks of variable length, 

 chaffy like the riiaciiis with large and small scales intermixed : fronds 1 to 2 feet 

 long, forming a crown, firndy mcm1)ranaccous, more or less fibrillose-chaffy beneatli, 

 evergreen, oblongdanceolate, normally bipinnate, but often i)innate with deeply pin- 

 natisect piniu'C ; pinnre closely placed, lanceolate from a broad base, often curved 

 upwards ; segments varying from rhomboid-oval and conlluent on the secondary 

 rhachis to triangular-ovate, distinct and auricled on tiie upper side of the base, ontiro 

 or serrate or incised, the lolxss and teeth aculeate : sori in two rows on the segments, 

 nearer the midvein than the margin. — 8yn. Fil. 53; Hooker, Syn. Fil. iv. 18; 

 Eaton, Ferns of N. Amer. ii. 123, t. 02. 



Var. Californicum, Faton, 1. c. Frond elongated ; pinnre lance-linear, slightly 

 incised above the middle, more ami more deeply cut towards the rhachis ; segments 

 rhomboid-ovate, serrate, the lowest superior one largest, but not a distinct pinnule. 

 — Ai^pvliiim Californicum, Eaton in Proc. Am. Acad. vi. 555. 



Var. lobatum, Kunze. Smaller : frond lanceolate ; pinniv lanceolate from a 

 broad base, pinnatilid into mostly distinct but sessile pinnules, a few of the lowest 

 often .somewhat auricled on the upjter side of the base. — Asj)idium aculeatum, var. 

 lohatnm and var. intermedium, Hooker, Brit. Ferns, t. 10, 11. 



Var. angulare, r>raun. Frond oblong-lanceolate, truly bii)innate ; pinnules dis- 

 tinct, short-stalked, mostly auricled and slightly incised, the upper basal one often 

 largest and pinnatilid. — Hooker, Brit. Ferns, t. 12. Aspidiam angulare, Will- 

 denow. 



Var. BCOpulinum, Eaton. Frond .short-stalked, narrowly lanceolate, less than 

 a foot long, sul)coriaceous, pinnate ; i)iinue less than an inch long, ovate, rather 

 obtu.se, the lower part pinnately lobed, the upper part serrate with barely aculeate 

 teeth : sori remote from the margin. — Ferns of N. Amer. ii. 125. 



^lountainous districts in Santa Cruz and Mendocino Counties, the last variety in the Sierra 

 Ne%'ada and in Idaho. The first and the last varieties are confined to the regions named, but the 

 second and third are common in Europe. Still another form (var. Braunii) is found from Lake 

 Superior to northern New F^ngland and New Brunswick, and in continental Europe. The species 

 in one or another of its many forms occurs in nearly all parts of the world. 



* * Pinna; or segments crenated or serrate to ith pointless teeth. Small ferns. 



r». A. mohrioides, Bory. Uootstock short, chaffy : fronds clustered, borne on 

 short chall'y stalks, suhcoriaceous, oblong-lanceolato, 4 to 12 inches long, narrowed 

 slightly from the middle to the b;use, pinnate; pinna) numerous, G to 18 lines long, 

 usually imbricated, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, obtuse, pinnately lobed with crenately 

 toothed segments, or in the largest fronds pinnate with ovate-trapezoid crenated ob- 

 tuse pinnules : .sori on tlie upper pinnic ; imlusia very large and often imbricated. — 

 Bot. Voy. Cxpnlle, 2G7, t. 55, lig. 1 ; Iviton, Ferns of N. Am-r. ii. 251, t. 80. 



Oil the southern slopes of Mt. Eddy, at the headwaters of the South Fork of the Sacramento 

 l^ver, Lcmvion. First known from the Falkland Islands, then from Patagonia and the mountains 

 of Chili, then from the Prince Edward Islands, and now from a station si.v thousand miles dis- 

 tant from the nearest of the others. A plant of very condensed habit, but in its largest forms 

 showing considerable resemblance to the last variety of the preceding. 



