3J52 .ML'SCl. rtijchumilriunu 



to the middle of the capsule, incised at base and longitiuliiially plicate. Capsule 

 erect, long-pedicellate, regular, with aciculate operculuiu and broad compound 

 annulus. Peristome simi)le, of IG long and narrow usually deeply cleft teeth. 



About a dozen widely scattered speeies are referred to this genus. 



1. P. Gardneri, Lesq. Stems branched, tufted : leaves dark green, crowded, 

 twisted or crisped, rellexed when moist, acutely carinate, the margin above sharply 

 serrate; basal areolation linear: male flowers rarely a.\illary, usually 2 to 4 witliin 

 the pericluetium : capsule (frequently 2 or more together) narrowly elliptical, pale 

 brown, smooth, with long persistent reddish operculum : teeth mostly 3-clelt to the 

 base, dark red. — ^lem. Calif. Acad. i. 10. 



On rocks in Dardanelles Canon, Forest Hill, Bolaiu/er. Closely resembling P. }H)lijphijIlitiit, 

 Ihuch & Scliinip., of Europe. 



25. ORTHOTRICHUM, Ikdw. 



Eoundish-tufted perennials, on trees or rocks, erect or procumbent, never creeping, 

 dichotomously branched, with rootlets at base and at the axils of the branches. 

 Leaves crowded, ovate- to long-lanceolate, strict when dry, costate, entire, margins 

 usually revolute, didl and usually minutely papillose ; areolation at base looser, rec- 

 tangular and hyaline, above punctulate. Flowers monoecious or dioecious, terminal 

 and bud-like. Calyptra large, campanulate, lobed-mitriform, longitudinally plicate, 

 hairy or naked. Capsule immersed or more or less exserted, erect, symmetrical, 

 8- 16-striate, ribbed when dry, more or less elongated, Avith distinct collum, a 

 mamillato or cimic-rostnite oijcrcuhim, and a very narrow annulus or none. I'eri- 

 stome of 16 short pale teeth divided by a medial line and usually in pairs, with or 

 without an inner row of 8 or 10 alternate filiform cilia. 



A genus of 70 or more species, about half Kuro|iean, the ivst belonging cliielly to the New 

 World. Nearly 30 species are North American, half of which are also European. 



The genus Ui.dta, Jlohr, often included in Orlhotrichuin, is distinguished by its llexuous 

 leaves crisped and twisted when dry, usually dilated at base with linear areolation, and the very 

 hairy calyptra with more numerous folds. No species have been detected in California, but the 

 following are found in Oregon and northward. 



U. pJivi.LANTiiA, Brid. Densely tufted, 1 or 2 inches high, with long linear leaves, wlien dry 

 twisted and eircimite, the costa jiroduced into the ape.x and there usually thickened and bearing 

 brown jointed cylindrical gcmnue : fruit unknown. — (h-thvlricltniii jilii/ffdiifhiiin, Ilrnch &. Schimp. 

 BryoL Eur. t. '223; Wils.m, HryoL Brit. t. 4tJ. Oregon (//«//) ; Vancouver Uhnd {iruud) ; 

 Europe, Andes of South America, and antarctic regions. 



U. Ciusi'Ul.A, l^ruch. Leaves crowded, linear-lanceolate, crisped when dry: ea]isule short- 

 pedicelled, pale vellow, clavate-pyriform, narrowly 8-striate : calyptra conic-campanulate : teeth 

 short, reflexed when dry, with 8 or 16 short cilia. — Orlhvlrichitm crisjiuiit, Hedw. Muse. Frond. 

 ii. 96, t. 35 ; Bruch & Schimp. 1. c., t. 228 ; Wilson, 1. c., t. -15. Oregon (iXcrius, Hall); Europe. 



* Peristome shnjjie, the inner cilia wantinfj or only rudimentary. 



1. O. cupulatum, Iloffm. Tufts more or less crowded, an inch high, red- or 

 brownish-green : leaves crowded, spreading or when dry strict, oblong-lanceolate, 

 with rellexed margins : calyptra campanidate, sparingly hairy : capsule obovate, 

 immersed on a short ]iedicel, thick, ])ale brown, IG-striate, M'ith a pale yellow convex 

 straight-beaked operculum: peristome of 10 distinct ]»ale yellow teeth, radiately 

 spreading when dry. — Bruch & Schimp. 1. c, t. 209 ; Wilson, 1. c, t. 21 ; Berkeley, 

 Brit. Moss. t. 20, fig. 4 ; Sulliv. Icon. Muse. Suppl. 01, t. 44 (var. minus). 



On limestone Kicks near liussian Kiver {Bolander) ; also from Britisii America to the Atlantic 

 Stiites and New Mexico, in several forms, and in Europe. 



2. O. Sturmii, Iloppe & Hornsch. Usually larger than the last, in broader 

 circular tufts : leaves spreading and recurved, the margins revolute, and the upper 



